In this study, we investigated the antioxidative and cellular protective effects on HaCaT cells and erythrocytes of Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) leaves extract and its fractions. All experiments were performed with 50% ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and aglycone fraction of M. oleifera leaves. The free radical scavenging activity (FSC 50 ) of the extract and fractions of M. oleifera leaves were in the following order: 50% ethanol extract (77.10 µg/mL) < ethyl acetate fraction (20.63 µg/mL) < aglycone fraction (17.00 µg/mL) by using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. In Fe 3+ -EDTA/H 2 O 2 system using the luminol, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities (total antioxidant capacity, OSC 50 ) of aglycone fraction (OSC 50 = 0.63 µg/mL) was the strongest among all extracts, which was much higher than L-ascorbic acid (1.50 µg/mL). In the 1 O 2 -induced cellular damage of erythrocytes, the cellular protective effects of 50% ethanol extract (τ 50 = 46.9 min) and aglycone fraction (τ 50 = 122.1 min) were higher than (+)-α-tocopherol (τ 50 = 37.7 min), known as a lipophilic antioxidant at 10 µg/mL. After cell damage induced by 400 mJ/cm 2 UVB irradiation, the cellular protective effects of ethyl acetate and aglycone fraction of M. oleifera leaves extract were showed on the concentration from 0.20 to 1.56 µg/mL. These results suggest that M. oleifera leaves extract and its fractions can function as a natural antioxidant agent in cosmetics on skin exposed to UV radiation by protecting cellular membrane against ROS.