"In Vitro Studies on Alpha Amylase Inhibitory Activity of Some Indigenous Plants"

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose level caused due to deficiency of insulin secretion or insulin action. It includes a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia, in which blood sugar levels are elevated either because the pancreas do not produce enough insulin or cells do not respond to the produced insulin. Thus, a therapeutic approach to treat diabetes is to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia in patients with type II diabetes. It can be achieved by the inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes like alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase. Such inhibitors which find application in the clinical practice for management of diabetes are known to be associated with various gastrointestinal side effects. Therefore, it is the need of time to identify and explore the amylase inhibitors from natural sources having fewer side effects. In the present study, aqueous extracts of selected plants namely Albizzia lebbeck, Berberis aristata, Mucuna pruriens, Myristica fragrans, Catharanthus roseus, and Caesalpinia bonducella which are used in the Ayurvedic traditional system of medicine to treat diabetes were tested for their inhibitory effect on α-amylase. The results revealed that the extract of A. lebbeck at a concentration of 1000µg/ml exhibited an inhibition of 70.91%, whereas the extracts of B. aristata and M. pruriens showed an inhibition of 65.24% and 62.96 % respectively at a similar concentration. The extracts of C. roseus, M. fragrans and C. bonducella exhibited a relatively less inhibitory response for the α-amylase enzyme. The results of the work thus clearly indicate the potential of the studied extracts to manage hyperglycemia.

Mechanism of Action of Mangifera indica Leaves for Anti-Diabetic Activity

“…The inhibition of α-amylase activity was carried out by dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method [52]. Briefly, 1 mL of the extract (50, 100, or 200 µg/mL) or acarbose (100 µg/mL) was pre-incubated with 1 mL of α-amylase (A4582, diluted for 10,000 in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.9) for 30 min before adding 1 mL (1% w/v) of starch solution.…”

Phytochemical profile and biological investigation of Viburnum grandiflorum

“…The amount of maltose liberated during the reaction in units was used to represent the enzyme inhibition activity. A modified Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) procedure was used for the determination of maltose equivalent [16]. The experiment was initiated by pre-incubation of 1ml of the methanolic extract of V. grandiflorum for 30 min with α-amylase 1U/mL and then 1 ml (1% w/v) of starch solution was added.…”

Antibacterial activity and Antidiabetic activity of Costus igneus, Gymnema sylvestre and Ocimum sanctum

“…They commonly used strong allopathic drugs which possess a number of harmful side effects. Bhutkar and Bhise (2012) used the aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, seeds and roots of selected plants such as Tamarindus indica, Catharanthus roseus and Caesalpinia bonducella which are used in the ayurvedic traditional system of medicine to treat diabetes, for their inhibitory effect on α-amylase 16 . The results revealed that the aqueous extracts of leaves of T.indica, extracts from the stems and roots of C. roseus and C. bonducella exhibited significant (more than 70%) reduction in α-amylase activity.…”