In Vivo and In Vitro Characterization of the Biochemical and Pathological Changes Induced By Lionfish (<i>Pterios Volitans</i>) Venom in Mice

Balasubashini, M. Sri; Karthigayan, S.; Somasundaram, S. T.; Balasubramanian, T.; Viswanathan, P. N.; Menon, Venugopal P.

doi:10.1080/15376510600803573

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The limited top-down effects on lionfish found in San Salvador may not be surprising given the potent venom that lionfish carry in their dorsal, anal, and pelvic spines [55]. Although the act of any predation on healthy, free-roaming lionfish has not yet been reported, numerous studies of another successful toxic invader, the cane toad invading Australia, show low predation in the newly established range [56], [57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Biotic Correlates to Lionfish Invasion Success in Bahamian Coral Reefs

Antón

Simpson

2014

PLoS ONE

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Lionfish (Pterois volitans), venomous predators from the Indo-Pacific, are recent invaders of the Caribbean Basin and southeastern coast of North America. Quantification of invasive lionfish abundances, along with potentially important physical and biological environmental characteristics, permitted inferences about the invasion process of reefs on the island of San Salvador in the Bahamas. Environmental wave-exposure had a large influence on lionfish abundance, which was more than 20 and 120 times greater for density and biomass respectively at sheltered sites as compared with wave-exposed environments. Our measurements of topographic complexity of the reefs revealed that lionfish abundance was not driven by habitat rugosity. Lionfish abundance was not negatively affected by the abundance of large native predators (or large native groupers) and was also unrelated to the abundance of medium prey fishes (total length of 5–10 cm). These relationships suggest that (1) higher-energy environments may impose intrinsic resistance against lionfish invasion, (2) habitat complexity may not facilitate the lionfish invasion process, (3) predation or competition by native fishes may not provide biotic resistance against lionfish invasion, and (4) abundant prey fish might not facilitate lionfish invasion success. The relatively low biomass of large grouper on this island could explain our failure to detect suppression of lionfish abundance and we encourage continuing the preservation and restoration of potential lionfish predators in the Caribbean. In addition, energetic environments might exert direct or indirect resistance to the lionfish proliferation, providing native fish populations with essential refuges.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Biotic Correlates to Lionfish Invasion Success in Bahamian Coral Reefs

Antón

Simpson

2014

PLoS ONE

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“…The LD 50 of lionfish Pterios volitans was estimated to be 42.5 μg/kg b.w. in mice (Balasubashini et al. 2006).…”

Section: Bioactivity Of Piscine Venomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies with cancer cells have also shown the piscine venom to induce apoptosis. The lionfish venom induces apoptosis in Ehrlichs ascites carcinoma xenografted mice by activating Caspase–3, which was evidenced by nuclear fragmentation (Balasubashini et al. 2006).…”

Section: Bioactivity Of Piscine Venomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fish venom: pharmacological features and biological significance

Sivan¹

2009

Fish and Fisheries

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Nearly 1200 species of marine fish are venomous and they account for two‐third of the population of venomous vertebrates. Fish venoms are focused as a potential source of pharmacological agents and physiological tools that have evolved to target vital processes in the human body that appear to have more electivity than many drugs. Fish venoms possess cardiovascular, neuromuscular, oedematic and cytolytic activity. Lethal toxins have been isolated and purified, with some having LD50 values comparable to that of snake venoms. Cardiovascular activity seems to be the dominant effect of fish venoms in experimental models. Piscine venom acts both pre‐ and post‐junctionally to produce depolarization of cell membranes. Studies on cytolytic activity of fish venom found that it produces lysis by forming hydrophilic pores in cell membranes which then result in cell lysis. Almost all fish venoms with neuromuscular activity also possesses cytolytic activity, and it is very likely that the two activities are related. Fish venom is known to induce intense and sustained edematogenic response. As piscine venoms have evolved for the same purpose, they show a number of similarities pharmacologically and it seems likely that most of the biological activities of any given toxin can be traced back to its cytolytic activity. A variety of toxins have been isolated from piscine venom. Although there is a complex balance between the components present in the venom of different fish, all of them seem to share similar activity – functionally and pharmacologically as well as structurally.

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“…Once plated with the MRSA bacteria, the plates were put into the incubator and incubated for 9 hours at a temperature of 37°C. The venom extract from the lionfish [8] was obtained through two recently deceased aquarium lionfish. The lionfish died of natural causes due to temperature fluctuations in the tank.…”

Section: Experimentation Of Pterois Volitan's Venom In Inhibiting Mrsamentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolating Microbial Compounds from the Invasive Lion Fish (Pterois volitans). A Potential New Method for the Control of MRSA Strains

Bernabe¹,

Reeves²

2013

Med Chem

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The invasive species of Pterois volitans or commonly known as the lionfish, is spread throughout the sub-tropical and tropical Western Atlantic. The lionfish species have begun to rise as a very successful intrusive predator. Their invasion of coral reef ecosystems is a major conservation concern. Many studies have shown that this top coral reef predator is able to reproduce quickly, it's able to survive better in foreign waters than in its native location, and it lacks significant predators when fully matured. These fish are commonly found in shallow waters with rocks or reefs, and are easily recognizable by their elegant plume-like fins.The defensive mechanism of the lionfish proves to be quite successful due to its venomous spines projecting from its body. The spines produce a combination of protein, a neuromuscular toxin and a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine. To humans the venomous sting can cause extreme pain, sweating, respiratory problems, and sometimes paralysis if stung severely. However, these invasive species could provide an alternate medicine or use with their venom to control MRSA.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) a resistant microbe that can withstand first-line antibiotics. MRSA infections account for many of the "staph" infections around the world and can also be fatal as well if not treated quickly. MRSA infections are resistant to most antibiotics though it can be treated with the powerful antibiotics, vancomycin and teicoplanin. Because the oral absorption of these drugs is low, these agents must be administered intravenously to control systemic infections. Though, the properties of the lionfish venom may prove to be an alternative to control the growth of MRSA.This experiment is designed to test the effectiveness of the venom extracted from the lionfish as an alternative medicine to controlling or hindering the growth of the bacterium MRSA when applied to the infected area. The efficiency of the isolated venom was evaluated by looking at the growth rates of the different colonies of MRSA were treated with the venom. The venom proved to not hinder the growth of the MRSA bacteria a significant amount.

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In Vivo and In Vitro Characterization of the Biochemical and Pathological Changes Induced By Lionfish (Pterios Volitans) Venom in Mice

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Environmental and Biotic Correlates to Lionfish Invasion Success in Bahamian Coral Reefs

Environmental and Biotic Correlates to Lionfish Invasion Success in Bahamian Coral Reefs

Fish venom: pharmacological features and biological significance

Isolating Microbial Compounds from the Invasive Lion Fish (Pterois volitans). A Potential New Method for the Control of MRSA Strains

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