In vivo and in vitro propagation and transmission of Toggenburg orbivirus

Planzer, Jeannette; Kaufmann, Christian; Worwa, Gabriella; Gavier‐Widén, Dolores; Hofmann, Martin; Chaignat, Valérie; Thür, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.03.007

Cited by 28 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The animal also demonstrated signs of central nervous system dysfunction and died a few weeks after birth . From field observations it seems possible that TOV can cross the placenta in goats, although this has not been confirmed experimentally (Planzer et al, 2011). Stillbirths and congenital abnormalities have furthermore also been reported in goats in Kuwait, possibly in associations with infections caused by the newly identified BTV-26 (Maan et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

Coetzee

Stokstad

Myrmel

et al. 2013

The Veterinary Journal

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The capability of the current European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) to cross the ruminant placenta has been established in experimental and field studies in both sheep and cattle. Sero-prevalence rates in goats in north-western Europe were high during the recent outbreak of BTV-8, however the capability of the virus to infect goats through the transplacental route has not been established. In the present study, four Saanen goats pregnant at 62 days of gestation were inoculated with the European strain of BTV-8, in order to investigate the capability of the virus to cross the caprine placenta. Infection of adult goats resulted in mild clinical signs, however gross lesions observed post mortem were more severe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

Coetzee

Stokstad

Myrmel

et al. 2013

The Veterinary Journal

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show abstract

“…In contrast, the two infected goats did not show clinical signs, but both had high levels of RNA in their blood (Chaignat et al, 2009). In the field BTV-25 has only been detected in goats (Chaignat et al, 2010) and, given the low level of replication observed in experimentally infected sheep, the host range of BTV-25 may be different to that of the 24 established serotypes, with goats being a possible natural host of the virus (Planzer et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bluetongue virus serotype 26: Infection kinetics, pathogenesis and possible contact transmission in goats

Batten

Henstock

Steedman

et al. 2013

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…5d, e). This suggests that NS3/ NS3a of BTV25 and 26 could be involved in the distinct characteristics of these new BTV serotypes (Batten et al, 2012(Batten et al, , 2014Chaignat et al, 2009;Planzer et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite different attempts, culturing of BTV25 in cells and embryonated chicken eggs was unsuccessful . Thereby, field-collected Culicoides species did not test positive for BTV25, and feeding of Culicoides nubeculosus with BTV25-positive blood did not lead to virus replication; however, this might have been due to a very low virus concentration (Planzer et al, 2011 (Batten et al, 2012). This difference in tropism compared with other BTV strains, which are easily isolated on KC, BSR and Vero cells, suggests that BTV25 and BTV26 might be spread by an alternative vector species or are transmitted via other mechanisms (Batten et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balance of RNA sequence requirement and NS3/NS3a expression of segment 10 of orbiviruses

Feenstra

Gennip²,

Schreuder³

et al. 2016

Journal of General Virology

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Orbiviruses are insect-transmitted, non-enveloped viruses with a ten-segmented dsRNA genome of which the bluetongue virus (BTV) is the prototype. Viral non-structural protein NS3/NS3a is encoded by genome segment 10 (Seg-10), and is involved in different virus release mechanisms. This protein induces specific release via membrane disruptions and budding in both insect and mammalian cells, but also the cytopathogenic release that is only seen in mammalian cells. NS3/NS3a is not essential for virus replication in vitro with BTV Seg-10 containing RNA elements essential for virus replication, even if protein is not expressed. Recently, new BTV serotypes with distinct NS3/NS3a sequence and cell tropism have been identified. Multiple studies have hinted at the importance of Seg-10 in orbivirus replication, but the exact prerequisites are still unknown. Here, more insight is obtained with regard to the needs for orbivirus Seg-10 and the balance between protein expression and RNA elements. Multiple silent mutations in the BTV NS3a ORF destabilized Seg-10, resulting in deletions and sequences originating from other viral segments being inserted, indicating strong selection at the level of RNA during replication in mammalian cells in vitro. The NS3a ORFs of other orbiviruses were successfully exchanged in BTV1 Seg-10, resulting in viable chimeric viruses. NS3/NS3a proteins in these chimeric viruses were generally functional in mammalian cells, but not in insect cells. NS3/NS3a of the novel BTV serotypes 25 and 26 affected virus release from Culicoides cells, which might be one of the reasons for their distinct cell tropism.

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In vivo and in vitro propagation and transmission of Toggenburg orbivirus

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

Bluetongue virus serotype 26: Infection kinetics, pathogenesis and possible contact transmission in goats

Balance of RNA sequence requirement and NS3/NS3a expression of segment 10 of orbiviruses

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