In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of the Protective Effects of Hesperidin in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Cytotoxicity of Cell

Al-Rikabi, Rasha H.; Al-Shmgani, Hanady S.; Dewir, Yaser Hassan; El-Hendawy, Salah

doi:10.3390/molecules25030478

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The study suggests that this beneficial effect is due to hesperidin. Various in vivo experiments revealed the protective effects of hesperidin against the inflammation produced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in liver and spleen [106].…”

Section: Other Useful Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hesperidin and SARS-CoV-2: New Light on the Healthy Function of Citrus Fruits

Bellavite

Donzelli²

2020

Antioxidants

162

140

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Among the many approaches to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention, the possible role of nutrition has so far been rather underestimated. Foods are very rich in substances, with a potential beneficial effect on health, and some of these could have an antiviral action or be important in modulating the immune system and in defending cells from the oxidative stress associated with infection. This short review draws the attention on some components of citrus fruits, and especially of the orange (Citrus sinensis), well known for its vitamin and flavonoid content. Among the flavonoids, hesperidin has recently attracted the attention of researchers, because it binds to the key proteins of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several computational methods, independently applied by different researchers, showed that hesperidin has a low binding energy, both with the coronavirus “spike” protein, and with the main protease that transforms the early proteins of the virus (pp1a and ppa1b) into the complex responsible for viral replication. The binding energy of hesperidin to these important components is lower than that of lopinavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, suggesting that it could perform an effective antiviral action. Furthermore, both hesperidin and ascorbic acid counteract the cell damaging effects of the oxygen free radicals triggered by virus infection and inflammation. There is discussion about the preventive efficacy of vitamin C, at the dose achievable by the diet, but recent reviews suggest that this substance can be useful in the case of strong immune system burden caused by viral disease. Computational methods and laboratory studies support the need to undertake apposite preclinical, epidemiological, and experimental studies on the potential benefits of citrus fruit components for the prevention of infectious diseases, including COVID-19.

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Section: Other Useful Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hesperidin and SARS-CoV-2: New Light on the Healthy Function of Citrus Fruits

Bellavite

Donzelli²

2020

Antioxidants

162

140

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“…In addition, combination with hesperidin could potentially prevent the resistance of MCF-7 to doxorubicin treatment in breast cancers [ 29 ]. Even a single usage of hesperidin was shown to moderately reduce the colony formation of MCF-7 cells [ 30 ]. In accordance with previous reports regarding hesperidin, our findings demonstrated that hesperidin along with chlorogenic acid prominently enhanced the toxicity against MCF-7, but was less harmful to normal breast cells, MCF-10A, indicating the feasibility of such a combinational treatment ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hesperidin and Chlorogenic Acid Synergistically Inhibit the Growth of Breast Cancer Cells via Estrogen Receptor/Mitochondrial Pathway

Hsu

Chen

Juan-Lu

et al. 2021

Life

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Hesperidin (Hes) and chlorogenic acid (CA) are traditional medicinal molecules that abundantly exist in natural plants or foods. These compounds have been shown to prevent and suppress various cancers and therefore can be utilized as adjunctive therapies to aid cancer treatment. Here, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays show a greater synergistic inhibitory effect on the growth of breast cancer cells, MCF-7, but not normal breast cells, MCF-10A, than hesperidin or chlorogenic acid alone. We present the possible molecular signaling pathways in MCF-7 cells with or without herbal molecule treatments via proteomic approaches. The data were further analyzed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) and confirmed by quantifying mRNA associated with the estrogen-receptor signaling pathway and mitochondrial functions. We demonstrated that the expression of CYC1, TFAM, ATP5PB, mtATP6, mtDNA, and NRF-1 were decreased upon 12 h treatment, and subsequent ATP production was also significantly decreased at 24 h. These results identified a synergistic effect induced by combinational treatment with hesperidin and chlorogenic acid, which can regulate mitochondria and ATP production through the estrogen receptor pathway in MCF-7 cells. However, none of the treatments induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suggesting that ROS likely plays no role in the observed pharmacological activities. Overall, our study sheds light on the adequacy of hesperidin and chlorogenic acid to serve as an adjunctive therapy when co-administrated with chemotherapy drugs in breast cancer patients.

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“…Additionally, two mitogens were used to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of the Imuno TF ® : LPS and Con A. Both LPS and Con A are widely used in in vitro and in vivo tests to assess the ability of cells to secrete various types of cytokines [29][30][31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoregulatory Effects of Imuno TF® (transfer factors) on Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg Cytokines

2021

JCEI

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Transfer factors are known since 1955 due to their activities on the immune system. Although the reports on the effects on diverse immune mechanisms, their role on Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg responses was still not described. In this sense, the present work focused on the evaluation of such immune responses. For that, human lymphocytes, and mice thymic, splenic and Peyer’s cells were stimulated with Lipopolysaccharides and Concanavalin A, and then treated with isolated transfer factors (Imuno TF®). The culture medium was harvested and the quantification of Th1 cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), Th17 cytokine (IL-17), Treg cytokine (IL-35), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), and antiinflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was performed, as well as the quantification of mRNA levels. Imuno TF® positively regulated Th1 cytokines, while decreased Th2 cytokines. It also increased levels of mRNA and secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, whereas it reduced levels of mRNA and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. Finally, it reversed the hypersecretion of IL-17 and did not promote significant changes in IL-35 secretion. This highlights the role of Imuno TF® in the regulation of the immune responses.

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In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of the Protective Effects of Hesperidin in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Cytotoxicity of Cell

Cited by 33 publications

References 35 publications

Hesperidin and SARS-CoV-2: New Light on the Healthy Function of Citrus Fruits

Hesperidin and SARS-CoV-2: New Light on the Healthy Function of Citrus Fruits

Hesperidin and Chlorogenic Acid Synergistically Inhibit the Growth of Breast Cancer Cells via Estrogen Receptor/Mitochondrial Pathway

Immunoregulatory Effects of Imuno TF® (transfer factors) on Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg Cytokines

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