In vivo Behaviour of Gamma Globulin Preparations

Abstract

Metabolic properties of standard gamma globulin (St-GG) and of several gamma globulin (GG) preparations for intravenous use were analyzed in radioactive tracer studies. The in vivo behaviour of St-GG was investigated in 16 probands and found to be comparable to that of normal IgG. The kinetics of the resorption of St-GG from intramuscular deposits, its elimination from the intravascular compartment and from the body were studied in 2 probands. Metabolic properties of GG preparations for intravenous use were compared with those of St-GG in 3-4 probands after simultaneous injection of 125I- and 131I-labelled tracer doses. Important differences in the half-times of intravascular survival, in the rates of catabolism and in the distribution in the body were noticed for most of the preparations for intravenous use except for an improved acid-treated (pH 4) GG, the in vivo behaviour of which was similar to that of St-GG.

Safety and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Intravenous Vaccinia Immune Globulin in Healthy Volunteers

“…Azotemia, oliguria, and anuria have been observed with other immunoglobulin products [24][25][26]. Rare side effects are severe allergic reactions, aseptic meningitis, and the theoretical risk for transmission of blood-borne pathogens [5,19]. The effects of VIGIV in pregnant women are unknown.…”

“…Absorption of the immune globulin from intramuscular deposits typically results in peak blood levels 3-7 days after administration [19].…”

Tetanus antibody levels of female volunteers after injection with solvent/detergent‐treated human tetanus immunoglobulin (Tetabulin S/D)

“…However, as an approximate estimation, a 30% recovery of 500 IU of Tetabulin S/D would result in a tetanus antibody titre of ≈ 0·05 IU/ml in an individual with a plasma volume of 3 l. Therefore, the tetanus antibody titres obtained in this study are in agreement with the in vivo recovery for intramuscular gammaglobulins, as described by Morell et al . [8]. In this study, antibody titre measurements were not performed after 4 days but, according to the known long half‐lives of immunoglobulins, sustained, clinically effective levels can be expected.…”