In Vivo Ca2+ Imaging Reveals that Decreased Dendritic Excitability Drives Startle Habituation

Marsden, Kurt C.; Granato, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2015.10.060

Cited by 70 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…During habituation, M-cell calcium fluxes decreased as the stimulus series progressed. Typically, the two M-cells were activated simultaneously early in the stimulus series and more than half of escapes in the entire series involved their simultaneous activity, as recently reported and found to be blocked by strychnine or MK-801, suggesting that change in glutamatergic and/or glycinergic input to M-cells or their inputs participates in ASR habituation (Marsden and Granato, 2015). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Neuromodulatory Regulation of Behavioral Individuality in Zebrafish

Pantoja

Hoagland

Carroll

et al. 2016

Neuron

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Summary Inter-individual behavioral variation is thought to increase fitness and aid adaptation to environmental change, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We find that variation between individuals in neuromodulatory input contributes to individuality in short-term habituation of the zebrafish (Danio Rerio) acoustic startle response (ASR). ASR habituation varies greatly between individuals, but differences are stable over days and are heritable. Acoustic stimuli that activate ASR-command Mauthner cells also activate dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) serotonergic neurons, which project to the vicinity of the Mauthner cells and their inputs. DRN neuron activity decreases during habituation in proportion to habituation and a genetic manipulation that reduces serotonin content in DRN neurons increases habituation, whereas serotonergic agonism or DRN activation with ChR2 reduces habituation. Finally, level of rundown of DRN activity co-segregates with extent of behavioral habituation across generations. Thus, variation between individuals in neuromodulatory input contributes to individuality in a core adaptive behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Neuromodulatory Regulation of Behavioral Individuality in Zebrafish

Pantoja

Hoagland

Carroll

et al. 2016

Neuron

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“…; Lacoste et al . ; Marsden & Granato, ). In addition, this and other compelling research often uses kinematic analysis of high‐speed videos to calculate average SLC and LLC latencies from populations of larval responses using a cutoff latency value to categorize the two response types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Intensity‐dependent timing and precision of startle response latency in larval zebrafish

Troconis

Ordoobadi

Sommers

et al. 2016

The Journal of Physiology

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Key pointsr Using high-speed videos time-locked with whole-animal electrical recordings, simultaneous measurement of behavioural kinematics and field potential parameters of C-start startle responses allowed for discrimination between short-latency and long-latency C-starts (SLCs vs. LLCs) in larval zebrafish.r Apart from their latencies, SLC kinematics and SLC field potential parameters were intensity independent.r Increasing stimulus intensity increased the probability of evoking an SLC and decreased mean SLC latencies while increasing their precision; subtraction of field potential latencies from SLC latencies revealed a fixed time delay between the two measurements that was intensity independent.r The latency and the precision in the latency of the SLC field potentials were linearly correlated to the latencies and precision of the first evoked action potentials (spikes) in hair-cell afferent neurons of the lateral line.r Together, these findings indicate that first spike latency (FSL) is a fast encoding mechanism that can serve to precisely initiate startle responses when speed is critical for survival. AbstractVertebrates rely on fast sensory encoding for rapid and precise initiation of startle responses. In afferent sensory neurons, trains of action potentials (spikes) encode stimulus intensity within the onset time of the first evoked spike (first spike latency; FSL) and the number of evoked spikes. For speed of initiation of startle responses, FSL would be the more advantageous mechanism to encode the intensity of a threat. However, the intensity dependence of FSL and spike number and whether either determines the precision of startle response initiation is not known. Here, we examined short-latency startle responses (SLCs) in larval zebrafish and tested the hypothesis that first spike latencies and their precision (jitter) determine the onset time and precision of SLCs. We evoked startle responses via activation of Channelrhodopsin (ChR2) expressed in ear and lateral line hair cells and acquired high-speed videos of head-fixed larvae while simultaneously recording underlying field potentials. This method allowed for discrimination between primary SLCs and less frequent, long-latency startle responses (LLCs). Quantification of SLC kinematics and field potential parameters revealed that, apart from their latencies, they were intensity independent. We found that increasing stimulus intensity decreased SLC latencies while increasing their precision, which was significantly correlated with corresponding changes in field potential latencies and their precision. Single afferent neuron recordings from the lateral line revealed a similar intensity-dependent decrease in first spike latencies and their jitter, which could account for the intensity-dependent changes in timing and precision of startle response latencies. Abbreviations ChR2, Channelrhodopsin-2; FP, field potential; FP max amplitude, maximum peak-to-peak amplitude of the first biphasic peak observed; FSL, first spike latency; LLC, long-latency C-start...

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“…The recently engineered GECI, GCaMP6s, shows higher sensitivity compared to commonly used synthetic Ca 2+ dyes in mammalian and zebrafish neurons (Chen et al, 2013), providing an unprecedented tool with which to study Ca 2+ dynamics in vivo . For example, GCaMP6s expressed selectively in Mauthner neurons in transgenic zebrafish enabled analysis of subcellular Ca 2+ dynamics during startle behavior, revealing that decreased dendritic excitability underlies startle habituation (Marsden and Granato, 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging early embryonic calcium activity with GCaMP6s transgenic zebrafish

Chen

Bruchas

et al. 2017

Developmental Biology

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Intracellular Ca2+ signaling regulates cellular activities during embryogenesis and in adult organisms. We generated stable Tg[βactin2:GCaMP6s]stl351 and Tg[ubi:GCaMP6s]stl352 transgenic lines that combine the ubiquitously-expressed Ca2+ indicator GCaMP6s with the transparent characteristics of zebrafish embryos to achieve superior in vivo Ca2+ imaging. Using the Tg[βactin2:GCaMP6s]stl351 line featuring strong GCaMP6s expression from cleavage through gastrula stages, we detected higher frequency of Ca2+ transients in the superficial blastomeres during the blastula stages preceding the midblastula transition. Additionally, GCaMP6s also revealed that dorsal-biased Ca2+ signaling that follows the midblastula transition persisted longer during gastrulation, compared with earlier studies. We observed that dorsal-biased Ca2+ signaling is diminished in ventralized ichabod/β-catenin2 mutant embryos and ectopically induced in embryos dorsalized by excess β-catenin. During gastrulation, we directly visualized Ca2+ signaling in the dorsal forerunner cells, which form in a Nodal signaling dependent manner and later give rise to the laterality organ. We found that excess Nodal increases the number and the duration of Ca2+ transients specifically in the dorsal forerunner cells. The GCaMP6s transgenic lines described here enable unprecedented visualization of dynamic Ca2+ events from embryogenesis through adulthood, augmenting the zebrafish toolbox.

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In Vivo Ca2+ Imaging Reveals that Decreased Dendritic Excitability Drives Startle Habituation

Cited by 70 publications

References 54 publications

Neuromodulatory Regulation of Behavioral Individuality in Zebrafish

Neuromodulatory Regulation of Behavioral Individuality in Zebrafish

Intensity‐dependent timing and precision of startle response latency in larval zebrafish

Imaging early embryonic calcium activity with GCaMP6s transgenic zebrafish

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