In vivo dynamic distribution of multivesicular bodies and exosomes in spleen of DTMUV infected duck

Liu, Enxue; Sun, Xuejing; Wang, Xindong; Wang, Taozhi; Li, Wenqian; Tarique, Imran; Yang, Ping; Chen, Qiusheng

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.12.014

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our results showed that DTMUV induced severe losses of non‐T and B lymphocyte/myeloid cell subpopulation, and reduction in phagocytic activity during the early stage of infection. Supporting our findings, previous studies demonstrated that DTMUV could infect monocyte/macrophage, leading to extensive inhibition of several antiviral innate immune responses, including the induction of type I interferons and phagocytic activity (Li et al., 2020; Liang et al., 2021; Liu et al., 2019; Ma et al., 2019). It is possible that the vaccine platforms that can prime adaptive immune responses may be effective for preventing DTMUV infection and spreading through reducing the viral effects on the innate immune functions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Importantly, increasing protecting against infection (Bassi et al, 2015;Ng et al, 2019;Sitati & Diamond, 2006). Further studies are needed to characterize the speci- interferons and phagocytic activity (Li et al, 2020;Liang et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2019;Ma et al, 2019). It is possible that the vaccine platforms that can prime adaptive immune responses may be effective for preventing DTMUV infection and spreading through reducing the viral effects on the innate immune functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of cellular and humoral immune responses following duck Tembusu virus infection in ducks

Thontiravong

Nedumpun

Ninvilai

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), an emerging avian pathogenic flavivirus, causes severe neurological disorders and acute egg drop syndrome in ducks. However, the effects of DTMUV on duck immunological components and functions remain largely unknown. In this study, the dynamics of cellular and humoral immune responses of DTMUV-infected ducks were investigated. The numbers of CD4 + and CD8 + T, B and non-T and B lymphocytes as well as the levels of neutralizing antibodies were quantified in parallel with DTMUV loads in blood and target organs. Our results demonstrated that DTMUV infection caused severe losses of non-T and B lymphocyte/myeloid cell subpopulation, and reduction in phagocytic activity during 3-5 days after infection. We also found that the numbers of T and B cells were increased during the first week of DTMUV infection.A significant negative correlation between the levels of CD4 + and CD8 + T, B and non-T and B lymphocytes and viral loads in blood and target organ (spleen) was observed during the early phase of infection. Additionally, DTMUV infection induced an early and robust neutralizing antibody response, which was associated with DTMUV-specific IgM and IgG responses. The presence of neutralizing antibody also correlated with reduction of viremia and viral load in the spleen. Overall, DTMUV elicited both cellular and humoral immune responses upon infection, in which the magnitude of these responses was correlated with reduction of viremia and viral loads in the target organ (spleen). The results suggested the critical role of both cellular and humoral immunity against DTMUV infection. This study expands our understanding of the immunological events following DTMUV infection in ducks. K E Y W O R D S cellular immune responses, duck, duck Tembusu virus, humoral immune responses, virus-host interaction 1 INTRODUCTION Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is an emerging avian pathogenic flavivirus that causes severe neurological disorders and acute egg drop syndrome in ducks and other avian species, including geese and chick-ens (Zhang et al., 2017). DTMUV is an enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus, which is classified as a new genotype of Tembusu virus (TMUV) belonging to the genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae (Su et al., 2011). Currently, DTMUV is widely distributed and is now endemic in duck populations in Asia, causing significant economic

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of cellular and humoral immune responses following duck Tembusu virus infection in ducks

Thontiravong

Nedumpun

Ninvilai

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, no direct evidence for TMUV infection of immune cells, including monocytes/macrophages, has been reported yet. A recent in vivo investigation published in February 2019 observed multivesicular bodies containing TMUV in macrophages and lymphocytes in the spleens of infected ducks by the use of electron microscopy (43). However, whether these viruses observed in the multivesicular bodies in macrophages and lymphocytes could replicate and transmit and the biological significance of the existence of TMUV in macrophages and lymphocytes in the spleen…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian Flavivirus Infection of Monocytes/Macrophages by Extensive Subversion of Host Antiviral Innate Immune Responses

Liang

Wang

et al. 2019

J Virol

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Avian Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a newly emerging avian pathogenic flavivirus in China and Southeast Asia with features of rapid spread, an expanding host range, and cross-species transmission. The mechanisms of its infection and pathogenesis remain largely unclear. Here, we investigated the tropism of this arbovirus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) ducks and SPF chickens and identified monocytes/macrophages as the key targets of TMUV infection. In vivo studies in SPF ducks and SPF chickens with monocyte/macrophage clearance demonstrated that the infection of monocytes/macrophages was crucial for viral replication, transmission, and pathogenesis. Further genome-wide transcriptome analyses of TMUV-infected chicken macrophages revealed that host antiviral innate immune barriers were the major targets of TMUV in macrophages. Despite the activation of major pattern recognition receptor signaling, the inductions of alpha interferon (IFN-α) and IFN-β were blocked by TMUV infection on transcription and translation levels, respectively. Meanwhile, TMUV inhibited host redox responses by repressing the transcription of genes encoding NADPH oxidase subunits and promoting Nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses. The recovery of either of the above-mentioned innate immune barriers was sufficient to suppress TMUV infection. Collectively, we identify an essential step of TMUV infection and reveal extensive subversion of host antiviral innate immune responses. IMPORTANCE Mosquito-borne flaviviruses include a group of pathogenic viruses that cause serious diseases in humans and animals, including dengue, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis viruses. These flaviviruses are zoonotic and use animals, including birds, as amplifying and reservoir hosts. Avian Tembusu virus (TMUV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that is pathogenic for many avian species and can infect cells derived from mammals and humans in vitro. Although not currently pathogenic for primates, the infection of duck industry workers and the potential risk of TMUV infection in immunocompromised individuals have been highlighted. Thus, the prevention of TMUV in flocks is important for both avian and mammalian health. Our study reveals the escape of TMUV from the first line of the host defense system in the arthropod-borne transmission route of arboviruses, possibly helping to extend our understanding of flavivirus infection in birds and refine the design of anti-TMUV therapeutics.

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Duck Tembusu virus infection causes testicular atrophy

et al. 2022

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In vivo dynamic distribution of multivesicular bodies and exosomes in spleen of DTMUV infected duck

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Dynamics of cellular and humoral immune responses following duck Tembusu virus infection in ducks

Dynamics of cellular and humoral immune responses following duck Tembusu virus infection in ducks

Avian Flavivirus Infection of Monocytes/Macrophages by Extensive Subversion of Host Antiviral Innate Immune Responses

Duck Tembusu virus infection causes testicular atrophy

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