In vivo experimental models of infection and disease

Girkin, Jason; Maltby, Steven; Singanayagam, Aran; Bartlett, Nathan W.; Mallia, Patrick

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816417-4.00008-1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 207 publications

(203 reference statements)

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“…Despite the human challenge model presenting a significant improvement in the drug discovery process, and a number of potential treatments being tested with this method, none have been successfully licensed for use in the treatment of RV infection to date. 64…”

Section: Findings Of Experimental Rv Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Antiviral Therapeutic Studies for Human Rhinovirus Infections

Coultas¹,

Cafferkey²,

Mallia³

et al. 2021

JEP

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Rhinovirus infection is common and usually causes mild, self-limiting upper respiratory tract symptoms. Rhinoviruses can cause exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, leading to a significant burden of morbidity and mortality. There has been a great deal of progress in efforts to understand the immunological basis of rhinovirus infection. However, despite a number of in vitro and in vivo attempts, there have been no effective treatments developed. This review article summarises the up to date virological and immunological understanding of these infections. We discuss the challenges researchers face, and key solutions, in their work to investigate potential therapies including in vivo rhinovirus challenge studies. Finally, we explore past and present experimental therapeutic strategies employed in the treatment of rhinovirus infections and highlight promising areas of future work.

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Section: Findings Of Experimental Rv Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Antiviral Therapeutic Studies for Human Rhinovirus Infections

Coultas¹,

Cafferkey²,

Mallia³

et al. 2021

JEP

Self Cite

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Evaluating the Developed Model of Experimental Rhinitis in Laboratory Rats: Pre-Clinical Experimental Randomized Study

Berest

Tananakina

Teleshova

et al. 2023

Kuban. nauсh. med. vestnik

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Background. Among the damaging factors affecting the mucociliary system of the nasal cavity, surgical wound is of particular relevance in the practice of an otorhinolaryngologist. The clinical assessment of regeneration of the mucociliary system is associated with certain difﬁ culties, since the intravital morphological examination of the nasal mucosa in patients is traumatic. Therefore, the development of animal models of experimental rhinitis is considered to be highly relevant in order to study the dynamics of mucociliary pathomorphological changes and assess the epithelium regeneration.Objectives. To evaluate the developed model of experimental rhinitis in laboratory rats by studying clinical, morphological and biochemical changes in the inﬂ ammatory process.Methods. The experimental rhinitis model was developed and tested on 60 mature male Wistar rats. All animals were randomized into two groups: experimental group #1 (n = 30) — rats in which experimental rhinitis modeling was performed and group #2 (n = 30) — control, intact animals. In the course of the experiment, the authors examined the content of CRP in blood, evaluated the differential blood cell count, and studied a morphology of the nasal septum mucosa in 2, 5, 10 days after the injury to assess the dynamics of the inﬂ ammatory process in rats of both groups. Statistical analysis of the study results was carried out by means of Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA).Results. After injury, the rats from group #1 developed acute rhinitis, which was clinically manifested by the release of mucous or mucopurulent secretion from the nostrils, sneezing and scratching the nose. An increase in CRP, band and segmented neutrophils, and a decrease in lymphocytes were observed in blood of the rats from group #1 in comparison with the control group. Microscopic analysis of changes in the nasal septum mucosa showed that the acute phase of exudative inﬂ ammation developed on the second day: vascular congestion, edema, neutrophilic inﬂ ammatory inﬁ ltration of the submucosal membrane were observed against the background of foci of epithelial necrosis. The proportion of lymphocytes and macrophages in the inﬂ ammatory inﬁ ltrate increased by the ﬁ fth day, initial signs of restoration of epithelial tissue — the formation of an undifferentiated regenerating epithelium — appeared by the tenth day.Conclusion. The results of the study show that an adequate experimental model of acute rhinitis in laboratory animals have been obtained. An acute inﬂ ammatory process is characterized by clinical manifestations and changes in blood parameters. Particular destructive and reparative-proliferative changes develop in the mucous membrane of the nasal septum of experimental animals as a result of a surgical wound.

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In vivo experimental models of infection and disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 207 publications

Experimental Antiviral Therapeutic Studies for Human Rhinovirus Infections

Experimental Antiviral Therapeutic Studies for Human Rhinovirus Infections

Evaluating the Developed Model of Experimental Rhinitis in Laboratory Rats: Pre-Clinical Experimental Randomized Study

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