In Vivo Generation of Dental Pulp-like Tissue by Using Dental Pulp Stem Cells, a Collagen Scaffold, and Dentin Matrix Protein 1 after Subcutaneous Transplantation in Mice

Abstract

The presence of a perforation is known to significantly compromise the outcome of endodontic treatment. One potential use of regenerative endodontic therapy may be the repair of root canal perforations. In addition to nutrients and systemic in-situ interactions, the three main components believed to be essential for tissue regeneration are: stem cells, scaffold, and growth factors. This study investigated the role of each component of the tissue engineering triad in the organization and differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) in a simulated furcal perforation site using a mouse model. Collagen served as the scaffold and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) was the growth factor. Materials were placed in simulated perforation sites in dentin slices. MTA was the control repair material. At six weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the perforation sites were evaluated by light microscopy and histological staining. Organization of newly derived pulp tissue was seen in the group containing the triad of DPSCs, a collagen scaffold, and DMP1. The other four groups did not demonstrate any apparent tissue organization. Under the conditions of the present study, it may be concluded that the triad of DPSCs, a collagen scaffold, and DMP1 can induce an organized matrix formation similar to that of pulpal tissue, which may lead to hard tissue formation.

Biomimetic Engineering of Nanofibrous Gelatin Scaffolds with Noncollagenous Proteins for Enhanced Bone Regeneration

“…22 In a subcutaneous transplantation mice model, DMP1 has been shown to induce the generation of dental pulp-like tissue when combined with dental pulp stem cells and a collagen scaffold. 23 However, to date, little is known about the effects of these NCPs on bone tissue regeneration.…”

Fibrin Gel Improves Tissue Ingrowth and Cell Differentiation in Human Immature Premolars Implanted in Rats

“…Both cell-based and cell-homing approaches showed various aspects necessary for pulp regeneration (14)(15)(16). Some of these studies already focused on the use of irrigating solutions (10,17) and the type of scaffold (18)(19)(20). In the current study, the fibrin gel showed distinctive tissue in-growth without cell transplantation.…”

Collagen membrane for reconstruction of soft tissue defects after surgery of oral cancer and precancer: a brief review

“…[10][11][12] This versatile material also finds its application in the field of plastic surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery and dentistry for various purposes e.g. as an interpositional graft material during palatoplasty; [13] for guided bone regeneration during maxillary sinus lift; [14] for inducing bone formation along with/without certain medicaments like gusuibu; [15,16] bone augmentation of posterior atrophic mandibular ridge for placement of dental implants; [17] as a reconstructive material for orbital floor fractures; [18] in treatment of localized gingival recession; [19] as a scaffold in tissue engineering to generate dental pulp; [20] for coverage of small intraoral soft tissue defects of the oral cavity [21] and much more. Collagen also has use as a medium for culturing cells such as osteoblasts.…”