In Vivo Luminescence Nanothermometry: from Materials to Applications

Abstract

The current status of the use of luminescent nanoparticles for thermometry in animal models is reviewed in detail. The different types of luminescent nanoparticles capable of deep tissue temperature sensing are described, paying special attention to the physical mechanisms at the root of their thermal sensing capacity. Their thermal sensitivities are listed and compared. This review describes the most relevant experiments, in which luminescence nanothermometry has been successfully applied at the small animal level, including the development of controlled thermal therapies as well as subtissue diagnosis procedures. Advantages and disadvantages of different luminescent nanothermometers are discussed.

Ratiometric upconversion nanothermometry with dual emission at the same wavelength decoded via a time-resolved technique

“…L uminescent nanothermometry has attracted considerable interest as a novel type of sub-micrometric thermal reading due to its strong temperature-dependent luminescence in nanosize [1][2][3][4][5] . Benefitting greatly from its high resolution, high sensitivity, and noninvasiveness, it is widely applied in biology [6][7][8][9][10] , thermodynamics [11][12][13][14][15][16] , and nanomedicine [17][18][19][20][21] . Luminescent thermal reading can provide temperature measurements in inflamed regions in vivo via contactless and noninvasive luminescence bioimaging 22,23 .…”

Thermally enhanced NIR–NIR anti-Stokes emission in rare earth doped nanocrystals

“…As illustrated in Figure 1, to promote the unusual anti-Stokes emission process and meet the energy gaps, phonon, that represents an excited quantum state of vibration within a material's elastic structure, plays an essential role. Conventional mechanisms to promote more anti-Stokes emissions included the excited state absorption of phonons (Figure 1a), Boltzmann distribution ( Figure 1b), and phonon-assisted energy transfer process (Figure 1c), which often happened inside the crystal hosts and required the increased temperature to favour more phonon generations 17,18 . But higher temperature often 'kills' the emission intensity, known as thermal quenching effect.…”

Y4.67Si3O13‐based phosphors: Structure, morphology and upconversion luminescence for optical thermometry

“…Recently, the optical temperature sensing has been paid much attention owing to the high accuracy and resolution for the potential applications in many harsh temperature measurements such as fast‐moving objects, the samples with scales below 10 μm and intracellular temperature sensing and mapping . Several strategies have been developed for this technique, during which the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) and fluorescence lifetime measurements are regarded as two promising methods .…”

“…Recently, the optical temperature sensing has been paid much attention owing to the high accuracy and resolution for the potential applications in many harsh temperature measurements such as fast-moving objects, the samples with scales below 10 μm and intracellular temperature sensing and mapping. [1][2][3] Several strategies have been developed for this technique, during which the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) and fluorescence lifetime measurements are regarded as two promising methods. 4,5 The FIR technique is usually based on two emission peaks derived from single or couple luminescent ions, and this technique can reduce the influence of different measuring conditions, resolution, number of emitters and time exposure.…”