In Vivo Molecular Toxicity Profile of Dental Bioceramics in Embryonic Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Abstract

The investigation of the biocompatibility of potential and commercially available dental material is a major challenge in dental science. This study demonstrates that the zebrafish model is a novel in vivo model for investigating the biocompatibility of dental materials. Two commercially available dental materials, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine, were assessed for their biocompatibility. The biocompatibility analysis was performed in embryonic zebrafish with the help of standard toxicity assays measuring essential parameters such as survivability and hatching. The mechanistic and comparative analysis of toxicity was performed by oxidative stress analysis by measuring ROS induction and apoptosis in zebrafish exposed to dental materials at different concentrations. The molecular investigation at the protein level was done by a computational approach using in silico molecular docking and pathway analysis. The toxicity analysis showed a significant reduction in hatching and survivability rates along with morphological malformations with an increase in the concentration of exposed materials. ROS and apoptosis assay results revealed a greater biocompatibility of Biodentine as compared to that of MTA which was concentration-dependent. In silico analysis showed the significant role of the tricalcium silicate-protein ( Sod1, tp53, RUNX2B) interaction in an exhibition of toxicity. The study provides a new vision and standard in dental material sciences for assessing the biocompatibility of potential novel and commercially available dental materials.

Use of Caenorhabditis Elegans and Zebrafish Embryo as an Alternative Model for Biocompatibility Assessment of Natural Latex Biocomposite

“…These results are in line with those reported by Makkar et al [45] who used the Zebra sh model to study the biocompatibility of two dental bioceramics, one of which is the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) composed mainly of inorganic elements containing calcium. The eluates of MTA contain silicates, aluminates and calcium oxides, which facilitated the increase in abnormal metabolic activity in embryonic cells, causing a percentage of embryonic deaths from oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis.…”

Methacrylate peak determination and selection recommendations using ATR-FTIR to investigate polymerisation of dental methacrylate mixtures

“…This allows a densely cross-linked network formation which achieves its final properties, being able to withstand stresses resulting from forces applied in the oral cavity, resistance to degradation and prevention of monomer elution which raises toxicity concerns [ 34 , 46 ]. Materials which aspire biomimetism should limit their toxicity, which, in this case, can be achieved by reducing the free-monomer elution owing to incomplete polymerisation [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Molecular insights and cell cycle assessment upon exposure to Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) mushroom polysaccharides in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

“…Biocompatibility of a compound depends on its cytotoxic effect that can be inferred by assessing its morphological, cellular, metabolic, and molecular changes due to their exposure to live models 15 . Developmental deformities and oxidative stress are such phenomena that are widely assessed to study growth and metabolic dynamics 34 . In vivo developmental analyses in the present study showed that Chaga mushroom polysaccharide extract did not show any significant developmental changes in the exposed zebrafish embryos compared to control.…”