In vivo study of wound healing processes in Sprague-Dawley model using human mesenchymal stem cells and platelet-rich plasma

Abstract

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have a potential role in improving wound healing processes. This experimental study aims to compare PRP and MSCs to promote the wound healing process in the animal burn wound model.
 Methods: PRP from venous blood and MSCs from lipoaspirates were isolated from six donors. Saline solution was used as control while PRP and MSCs as treatment groups were injected to second-degree burn wounds in the backs of 10 male Sprague-Dawley rats for each group. On day 7, 5 rats from each group were euthanized for analyses VEGF gene, which has a role in angiogenesis. At the end of the study (week 5), the remaining rats were euthanized for histological analysis.
 Results: The VEGF expression in MSCs and PRP groups was higher than the control group (not significant). The wound healing rate was also significantly faster until 21 days post-burn in the MSCs and PRP groups and getting slowly afterward. Histological analysis showed the burned skin at day 35 had displayed the best differentiation outcome in the MSCs group. In conclusion, human-derived MSCs and PRP do not accelerate epithelialization duration of rats burn wound model. However, they improved wound’s vascularization and cell differentiation.
 Conclusion: MSCs are superior to PRP in enhancing cell differentiation.

Effect of stem cell treatment on burn wounds: A systemic review and a meta‐analysis

“…A total of 24 studies reported between 2013 and 2021 satisfied the inclusion criteria for the meta‐analysis among the 345 distinctive reports. 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 This meta‐analysis study included 400 animals with burn wounds at the beginning of the study; 211 were using stem cells treatment, and 189 were controlled. All studies evaluated the effect of stem cells treatment in managing burn wounds.…”

“…A total of 24 studies reported between 2013 and 2021 satisfied the inclusion criteria for the meta‐analysis among the 345 distinctive reports 24‐47 . This meta‐analysis study included 400 animals with burn wounds at the beginning of the study; 211 were using stem cells treatment, and 189 were controlled.…”

“…This meta‐analysis comprised 400 animals with burn wounds at the beginning of the study; 211 were using stem cells treatment, and 189 were controlled. 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 Stem cells treatment had a significantly higher burn wound healing rate, higher blood vessel number, higher vascular endothelial growth factor, lower interleukin‐1 level, and lower tumour necrosis factor α level compared with control in animals' models with burn wounds. Yet, the analysis of results must be done with attention due to the low sample size of all the selected studies found for the meta‐analysis with ≤100 animals as sample size.…”

“…This meta‐analysis comprised 400 animals with burn wounds at the beginning of the study; 211 were using stem cells treatment, and 189 were controlled 24‐47 . Stem cells treatment had a significantly higher burn wound healing rate, higher blood vessel number, higher vascular endothelial growth factor, lower interleukin‐1 level, and lower tumour necrosis factor α level compared with control in animals' models with burn wounds.…”

Safety and Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Burn Therapy: Systematic Review

“…In addition, MSCs are better than PRP in increasing cell differentiation. 49 The timing of MSCs transplantation is also an important factor that may determine the survival of stem cells in the wound bed. Inflammatory response activated in a burn wound might worse the damage cells and tissues.…”