In vivo type II T-helper cells shift in schizophrenia compared to sex- and age-matched healthy controls

Chiang, Sonnig Sue Whei; Riedel, Michael; Gruber, Rudolf; Müller, Norbert; Schwarz, Markus J.

doi:10.4321/s0213-61632011000400002

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The decrease in TNF-α level in our sample may be explained by the higher proportion of males, where TNF-α was significantly lower (Table 2). The level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 did not change (Figure 1), which is also consistent with a number of studies [36,38]. However, it should be noted that a number of studies have found an increase in the concentration of IL-10 in patients with schizophrenia [8,13].…”

Section: Group Differences In Biomarker Levelssupporting

confidence: 89%

Association of Peripheral Inflammatory Biomarkers and Growth Factors Levels with Sex, Therapy and Other Clinical Factors in Schizophrenia and Patient Stratification Based on These Data

et al. 2023

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Multiple lines of evidence are known to confirm the pro-inflammatory state of some patients with schizophrenia and the involvement of inflammatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of psychosis. The concentration of peripheral biomarkers is associated with the severity of inflammation and can be used for patient stratification. Here, we analyzed changes in serum concentrations of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-21, APRIL, BAFF, PBEF/Visfatin, IFN-α, and TNF-α) and growth/neurotrophic factors (GM-CSF, NRG1-β1, NGF-β, and GDNF) in patients with schizophrenia in an exacerbation phase. IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, BAFF, IFN-α, GM-CSF, NRG1-β1, and GDNF increased but TNF-α and NGF-β decreased in schizophrenia compared to healthy individuals. Subgroup analysis revealed the effect of sex, prevalent symptoms, and type of antipsychotic therapy on biomarker levels. Females, patients with predominantly negative symptoms, and those taking atypical antipsychotics had a more pro-inflammatory phenotype. Using cluster analysis, we classified participants into “high” and “low inflammation” subgroups. However, no differences were found in the clinical data of patients in these subgroups. Nevertheless, more patients (17% to 25.5%) than healthy donors (8.6% to 14.3%) had evidence of a pro-inflammatory condition depending on the clustering approach used. Such patients may benefit from personalized anti-inflammatory therapy.

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Section: Group Differences In Biomarker Levelssupporting

confidence: 89%

Association of Peripheral Inflammatory Biomarkers and Growth Factors Levels with Sex, Therapy and Other Clinical Factors in Schizophrenia and Patient Stratification Based on These Data

et al. 2023

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“…Similarly, an imbalance in T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) immune responses in first-episode SCP has been reported 17). A decreased Th1 immune response results in the diminished release of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), while an enhanced Th2 response leads to increases in interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 release 18). In 2013, García-Bueno et al19) collected blood samples from 117 first-episode SCP and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures to investigate pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine dysregulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“… 17) A decreased Th1 immune response results in the diminished release of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), while an enhanced Th2 response leads to increases in interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 release. 18) In 2013, García-Bueno et al 19) collected blood samples from 117 first-episode SCP and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures to investigate pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine dysregulation. They found increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the cultures and suggested that the physiological balance of inflammatory pathways was disturbed in first-episode SCP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Antipsychotics on the Inflammatory Response System of Patients with Schizophrenia in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Cultures

Al-Amin

Nasiruddin

Reza

2013

Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci

130

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ObjectiveWe investigated the effects of antipsychotics on immune-challenged peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures.MethodsBlood samples were collected from twelve patients with first-episode schizophrenia. The PBMCs were separated and cultures were prepared and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]), and then separately treated with a typical antipsychotic (haloperidol) or atypical antipsychotic (clozapine, quetiapine, or risperidone). Pro-inflammatory (interferon gamma [IFN-γ]) and anti-inflammatory (interleukin [IL]-4 and IL-10) cytokine levels were measured in the LPS- or poly(I:C)-stimulated PBMC cultures treated with antipsychotics.ResultsHaloperidol and quetiapine significantly increased the IL-4 levels (p<0.05) in LPS-stimulated PBMC cultures, while clozapine and quetiapine significantly enhanced the IL-4 levels (p<0.05) in poly(I:C)-stimulated PBMC cultures. Only treatment with haloperidol resulted in a significant increase in IL-10 production (p<0.05) in LPS-stimulated PBMC cultures, whereas clozapine, quetiapine, and risperidone treatment significantly increased IL-10 production (p<0.05) in poly(I:C)-stimulated PBMC cultures. All of the antipsychotics reduced the IFN-γ level significantly (p<0.05) in LPS- and poly(I:C)-stimulated PBMC cultures.ConclusionAntipsychotic treatment altered immune function by raising the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and suppressing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ).

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Relationship of Interferon-γ to Cognitive Function in Midlife Women with Schizophrenia

et al. 2018

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Recent literature suggests that schizophrenia is linked to an abnormal response of the immune system. Interferon-γ is a cytokine that acts as a mediator between immune stimulation and the kynurenine pathway and may be related to cognitive abilities. The objectives of the present study are to determine if serum cytokines are correlated with cognitive function differently in patients with schizophrenia compared to controls. Fourteen midlife (30-70 year-old) females with DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 13 midlife control females were analyzed. Cytokines were collected from serum blood draws and analyzed at the Cytokine Core Lab at the University of Maryland, Baltimore. The RBANS, HVLT-R, and UPSA were performed to measure cognition and social performance. The results demonstrate a non-significant difference between interferon-γ levels in women with schizophrenia compared to controls, but this cytokine appears to correlate to cognitive abilities differently in these groups. There were several significant negative correlations between interferon-γ and cognition in midlife patients with schizophrenia, but only one in the midlife control group. The negative correlations between interferon-γ and cognition in patients with schizophrenia suggest the hypothesis that inflammation and the kynurenine pathway have important roles in this disorder.

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In vivo type II T-helper cells shift in schizophrenia compared to sex- and age-matched healthy controls

Cited by 4 publications

References 79 publications

Association of Peripheral Inflammatory Biomarkers and Growth Factors Levels with Sex, Therapy and Other Clinical Factors in Schizophrenia and Patient Stratification Based on These Data

Association of Peripheral Inflammatory Biomarkers and Growth Factors Levels with Sex, Therapy and Other Clinical Factors in Schizophrenia and Patient Stratification Based on These Data

Effects of Antipsychotics on the Inflammatory Response System of Patients with Schizophrenia in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Cultures

Relationship of Interferon-γ to Cognitive Function in Midlife Women with Schizophrenia

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