Inability of a bacteriophage pool to control beef spoilage

Greer, G. Gordon; Dilts, Bryan D.

doi:10.1016/0168-1605(90)90080-o

Cited by 51 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Examples include the attempt to prevent or slow down spoilage of beef by using phages targeting the primary spoilage microflora of fresh meats, mostly consisting of Pseudomonas spp. [52]. However, only small effects were observed and the authors concluded that the host range of the pool of phage employed was too narrow.…”

Section: Control Of Additional Bacterial Targetsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…However, it is characterized by a high mortality rate, which together with the ubiquitous distribution in many environments, hardiness, and ability to multiply at refrigeration temperatures makes it an im- Enterobacter sakazakii Infant formula [51] Pseudomonas spp. Beef [52] portant food-associated pathogen. Several foods are especially at risk of contamination with L. monocytogenes such as fresh and ready-to-eat foods.…”

Section: Listeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bacteriophage for Biocontrol of Foodborne Pathogens: Calculations and Considerations

Hagens¹,

Loessner

2010

CPB

311

215

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The use of phage or phage products in food production has recently become an option for the food industry as a novel method for biocontrol of unwanted pathogens, enhancing the safety of especially fresh and ready-to-eat food products. While it can be expected that many more phage products currently under development might become available in the future, several questions may be raised concerning the use of such products, regarding both immediate and long-term efficacy, consumer safety, and application methods. The available evidence suggests that, with a few caveats, safety concerns have been satisfactorily addressed. Answers concerning efficacy are more complex, depending on particular applications or the target pathogens. To ensure long-term efficacy beyond what can be tested on a laboratory scale, food safety concepts employing phages will have to be well-thought out and may involve rotation schemes as used with bacterial starter cultures, the use of phage cocktails, or application of phages combined with other antimicrobials. This review will discuss these issues on the basis of the available literature as well as providing an outlook on the potential of phages in future applications.

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Section: Control Of Additional Bacterial Targetsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Listeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophage for Biocontrol of Foodborne Pathogens: Calculations and Considerations

Hagens¹,

Loessner

2010

CPB

311

215

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…2,11 Generally, it is considered that the use of single phages is usually ineffective as many phage have a limited host range when used alone. [12][13][14][15] Thus while narrow host range is useful for phage…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a broad-host-range phage cocktail for biocontrol

Kelly

McAuliffe²,

Ross

et al. 2011

Bioengineered Bugs

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The aims of this study were to investigate the incidence of different resistance mechanisms to phage K in a bank of Irish Staph aureus hospital strains; and to develop a broad host-range phage cocktail with enhanced lytic activity against those strains which were previously phage resistant. A bank of 180 Staph aureus strains, which included all the sequence types currently in existence in Ireland, were tested for sensitivity to phage K. Twenty nine strains were identified, which did not permit plaque formation. The phage resistance systems in the 29 strain were investigated and it was found that restriction modification (r-m) was evident in 24, an adsorption inhibition mechanism was evident in three, while two were resistant by an unidentified mechanism. Seventeen modified derivatives of phage K were developed which could circumvent all the r-m systems. Nevertheless, six of the modified phage were considered superior in terms of their individual host ranges. These six were pooled as a cocktail with phage K, which then lysed 24 of the 29 resistant strains (97.2% of the entire staphylococcal bank). In conclusion, phage resistant systems affecting phage K are common in Staph. aureus but it is possible to significantly broaden the host-range of this phage for biocontrol applications.

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“…The first limitation is the narrow host range of phages. The high host specificity of most phages is a double-edged sword; high specificity is necessary for the specific targeting of unwanted bacteria, but the narrow host range renders phage biocontrol ineffective for non-host strains (22). The use of broad-hostrange phages isolated by multiple-host enrichment methods (7,11,29) or a phage cocktail composed of multiple phage types (33,44,55) has shown promise in overcoming this problem.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a T5-Like Coliphage, SPC35, and Differential Development of Resistance to SPC35 in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli

Kim

Ryu

2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

107

106

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The potential of bacteriophage as an alternative biocontrol agent has recently been revisited due to the widespread occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We isolated a virulent bacteriophage, SPC35, that can infect both Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Morphological analysis by transmission electron microscopy and analysis of its 118,351-bp genome revealed that SPC35 is a T5 group phage belonging to the family Siphoviridae. BtuB, the outer membrane protein for vitamin B 12 uptake, was found to be a host receptor for SPC35. Interestingly, resistant mutants of both E. coli and S. Typhimurium developed faster than our expectation when the cultures were infected with SPC35. Investigation of the btuB gene revealed that it was disrupted by the IS2 insertion sequence element in most of the resistant E. coli isolates. In contrast, we could not detect any btuB gene mutations in the resistant S. Typhimurium isolates; these isolates easily regained sensitivity to SPC35 in its absence, suggesting phase-variable phage resistance/sensitivity. These results indicate that a cocktail of phages that target different receptors on the pathogen should be more effective for successful biocontrol.

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Inability of a bacteriophage pool to control beef spoilage

Cited by 51 publications

References 26 publications

Bacteriophage for Biocontrol of Foodborne Pathogens: Calculations and Considerations

Bacteriophage for Biocontrol of Foodborne Pathogens: Calculations and Considerations

Development of a broad-host-range phage cocktail for biocontrol

Characterization of a T5-Like Coliphage, SPC35, and Differential Development of Resistance to SPC35 in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli

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