Inaccuracy patterns and precise pollination among distylous Palicourea and Psychotria (Rubiaceae)

Trevizan, Renata; Cardoso, João Custódio Fernandes; Coelho, Christiano Peres; Consolaro, Hélder; Furtado, Marco Túlio; Oliveira, Paulo Eugênio

doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2021.125645

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Morphological differences in stigmas have long been reported between floral morphs in many populations of heterostylous plants (Darwin 1877;Dulberger 1974;Ganders 1979;Dulberger 1992;Richards & Barrett 1992;Ferrero et al 2011;. The higher magnitude of difference in Palicourea may be related to the larger flower tube length in this genus, which is 31.10% higher when compared to Psychotria (Trevizan et al 2021b). However, the pattern of longer S-styled stigmas is consistent and has been observed not only within the genera investigated in this study, but also in other unrelated taxa such as Linum (Linaceae: Dulberger 1973Dulberger , 1974Dulberger & Ornduff 2000;Armbruster et al 2006;Talebi et al 2012), Primula (Primulaceae: Darwin 1862; Schou 1983), Amsinckia, Anchusa, and Pulmonaria (Boraginaceae : Ganders 1979;Dulberger 1992;Brys et al 2008), Fagopyrum (Polygonaceae: Cawoy et al 2009;Wu et al 2017), and Limonium (Plumbaginaceae: .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In distylous populations, the low organs (L-styled anthers and S-styled stigmas) are reported to be less precise (i.e., less reciprocity) when compared to high organs (S-styled anthers and L-styled stigmas) (Brys & Jacquemyn 2019;Trevizan et al 2021b). In agreement, it has also been shown that there is asymmetrical pollen transfer, in which the exposed reproductive structures (i.e., high organs) are more efficient in exporting and receiving total pollen than those inside the corolla tube (i.e., low organs) (Ganders 1979;Keller et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The higher magnitude of difference in Palicourea may be related to the larger flower tube length in this genus, which is 31.10% higher when compared to Psychotria (Trevizan et al . 2021b). However, the pattern of longer S‐styled stigmas is consistent and has been observed not only within the genera investigated in this study, but also in other unrelated taxa such as Linum (Linaceae: Dulberger 1973, 1974; Dulberger & Ornduff 2000; Armbruster et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, since the S-styled stigmas are usually inside the corolla in tubular flowers, pollen deposition may be affected by the interference of the corolla wall and hairs (Baker 1958;Watanabe et al 2014). Thus, it has been suggested that a longer stigmatic surface may act to compensate for such issues and increase the probability of crosspollen deposition (Ree 1997;Watanabe et al 2014;Trevizan et al 2021a;Trevizan et al 2021b). In agreement, some studies have quantified pollen deposition and showed that S-styled stigmas receive more intermorph pollen grains than L-styled stigmas (Lau & Bosque 2003;Hern andez & Ornelas 2007;Deschepper et al 2018;Jacquemyn et al 2018;Furtado et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2021a; Trevizan et al . 2021b). In agreement, some studies have quantified pollen deposition and showed that S‐styled stigmas receive more intermorph pollen grains than L‐styled stigmas (Lau & Bosque 2003; Hernández & Ornelas 2007; Deschepper et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the longstanding mystery of stigma length differences between morphs of distylous plants

Trevizan,

Oliveira,

Cardoso

2024

Plant Biol J

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Longer stigmas in short‐styled morphs of distylous plants have been considered an adaptive characteristic that increases intermorph pollen deposition. The greater pollen deposition in short‐styled stigmas may be a by‐product of their longer length, making deposition effectiveness comparison between morphs unfeasible. Thus, investigating which morph has the relatively most efficient stigma (i.e., pollen deposition per unit length) can boost our understanding of the adaptive significance of longer stigmas. Here, we compared pollen deposition between morphs relative to stigma length and assessed whether short‐styled stigmas are more, less, or equally effective in receiving pollen grains per unit length. We reviewed the literature to characterize the extent of sigma length differences between morphs using the two most speciose distylous genera as model systems: Palicourea and Psychotria (Rubiaceae). Then, we conducted a between‐morph comparison of raw and relative pollen depositions in a Palicourea rigida population. We confirmed that short‐styled stigmas were longer than long‐styled stigmas in both Palicourea (194.31% longer) and Psychotria (52.59% longer) flowers. Furthermore, in the focal Pal. rigida, although short‐styled stigmas were 268.04% longer and received 97.04% more pollen grains than long‐styled stigmas, the relative pollen deposition had a reverse pattern, with short‐styled stigmas being two‐times less efficient in receiving pollen. Our results indicate that the longer length of the short‐styled stigmas may have a compensatory effect, increasing the chances of pollen grains reaching the stigma and probably maintaining disassortative intermorph pollination in distylous plants.

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