Inactivation of f2 coliphage in municipal effluent by the use of various disinfectants

Hajenian, H.; Butler, Michael

doi:10.1017/s0022172400026747

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In the present study, where the COD and not the BOD was measured (both parameters, nevertheless, express the amount of organic matter), the abatement of the micro‐organisms with peracetic acid was seen to be inversely proportional to the level of the COD, the opposite of that observed in the case of treatment with chlorine dioxide. According to Hajenian and Butler (1980), however, the activity of peracetic acid is little affected by organic matter. On the other hand, the results obtained by Chang et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peracetic acid as an alternative wastewater disinfectant to chlorine dioxide

Stampi¹,

Luca²,

Onorato³

et al. 2002

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of peracetic acid with that of chlorine dioxide in the disinfection of wastewater from a sewage treatment plant (serving about 650 000 inhabitants) that has been using peracetic acid as a disinfectant since 1998. Methods and Results: A total of 23 samplings were made, each consisting of three samples: from secondary effluent, effluent disinfected with 2 mg l−1 of peracetic acid and effluent disinfected with 2·2 mg l−1 of chlorine dioxide (contact time 20 min). For each sample, measurements were made of the heterotrophic plate count at 36°C, total and faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci, pH, suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand (COD). During the first phase of the experiment the peracetic acid was seen to be less efficient than chlorine dioxide. To improve the disinfectant action a system of mechanical agitation was added which led to a greater efficiency in the inactivation of bacteria of faecal origin. Conclusions: Both products were found to be influenced by the level of microbial contamination, the amount of suspended solids and COD but not by the pH of the effluent before disinfection. The immediate mixing of the wastewater and disinfectant caused a greater reduction in enterococci. Significance and Impact of the Study: Since peracetic acid was seen to produce a high abatement of micro‐organisms, it can be considered as a valid alternative to chlorine dioxide in the disinfection of wastewaters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peracetic acid as an alternative wastewater disinfectant to chlorine dioxide

Stampi¹,

Luca²,

Onorato³

et al. 2002

J Appl Microbiol

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“…1996; Lazarova et al . 1998), bromine chloride (Hajenian and Butler 1980; Zanetti et al . 1996) and combinations of various systems such as filtration–chlorine dioxide (Bernagozzi et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the efficiency of peracetic acid in the disinfection of sewage effluents

2001

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Aims: Evaluation of the ef®ciency of peracetic acid in the disinfection of wastewater in a large treatment plant. Methods and Results: Over a period of 18 months 30 sample collections were made, each consisting of three samples taken from: raw incoming sewage, secondary ef¯uent (after 10±12 h) and secondary ef¯uent disinfected with 1á5±2 mg l ±1 of peracetic acid (contact time: 20 min). Total coliforms and Escherichia coli declined from 10 7 MPN 100 ml ±1 in the raw sewage to 10 2 in the disinfected ef¯uent and the enterococci fell from 10 6 MPN 100 ml ±1 to 702 MPN 100 ml ±1 . The reduction of bacteria increased with the rise in temperature and decreased with the rise in BOD 5 . Conclusions: Disinfection with peracetic acid reduced levels of faecal contamination by 97%, thus attaining the limit recommended by current Italian law (Escherichia coli £ 5000 MPN 100 ml ±1 ) for discharge into surface waters. Signi®cance and Impact of the Study: The process of disinfection with peracetic acid is easier to manage than other more common methods and the tests performed con®rm that from the bacteriological point of view good results can be obtained for urban ef¯uents.

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“…In a comparative study on the efficacy of PAA against laboratory-grown poliovirus 1 and indigenous faecal bacteria in effluent, Harakeh et al [5] showed that PAA at up to 7 ppm was a good bacteriocide but not an efficient virucide. An interesting observation [3] was that the disinfecting activity of PAA apparently persisted for at least 30 min. Despite this, the disinfection was characteristically biphasic probably because of the presence of viral aggregates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spros-sig and Mucke [12] noted that solutions of PAA in alcohols appeared to be more effective than aqueous solutions against poliovirus 1 and coxsackievirus B5. More recently, Hajenian and Butler [3] found that f2 coliphage and poliovirus 1 reacted differently to PAA. Levels up to 0.032% PAA were needed to achieve 99.43% inactivation of poliovirus 1 and only 0.013% PAA for the same degree of inactivation of f2 coliphage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inactivation of enteroviruses, rotaviruses and bacteriophages by peracetic acid in a municipal sewage effluent

Harakeh¹

1984

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The virucidal efficacy of peracetic acid (PAA) was evaluated against poliovirus 1, echovirus 1, coxsackievirus B5, human rotavirus, simian rotavirus SA11 and bacteriophage f2 in a municipal sewage effluent. The results indicated relatively high concentrations of acid were required to achieve significant inactivation. Human rotavirus, which was the most resistant, required 140 ppm to achieve 99.99% inactivation. On the other hand, simian rotavirus SAll, which was the most sensitive, required only 20 ppm to achieve the same degree of inactivation. The three enteroviruses reacted similarly and the bacteriophage was slightly less resistant than the enteroviruses, especially at high concentrations of peracetic acid. The effluent did not exert a demand for peracetic acid. Temperature, organic matter and suspended solids had negligible effects on the virucidal efficacy of peracetic acid. INTRODUCTIONKline and Hull [6] were the first to study the virucidal efficiency of PAA and they found that a substantial inactivation of poliovirus was achieved at 0.4% aqueous solution of PAA in 5 min. Spros-sig and Mucke [12] noted that solutions of PAA in alcohols appeared to be more effective than aqueous solutions against poliovirus 1 and coxsackievirus B5. More recently, Hajenian and Butler [3] found that f2 coliphage and poliovirus 1 reacted differently to PAA. Levels up to 0.032% PAA were needed to achieve 99.43% inactivation of poliovirus 1 and only 0.013% PAA for the same degree of inactivation of f2 coliphage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the virucidal efficacy of peracetic acid against 6 viruses in a municipal sewage effluent. MATERIALS AND METHODS VirusesStock cultures of poliovirus type 1 (IfSc 2ab), coxsackievirus B5 and echovirus 1 were prepared in BGM cell cultures and viral infectivity was assayed by the microtitre method in the same cells. Human rotavirus from a stool specimen was assayed by indirect immunofluorescence of infected MA-104 cells [2]. Simian rotavirus SAll was cultivated in MA-104 cells and assayed by plaque formation in the same cells [11]. The f2 coliphage was cultivated in Escherichia coli K-12 Hfr and assayed by the soft-agar overlay technique [1].

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Inactivation of f2 coliphage in municipal effluent by the use of various disinfectants

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Peracetic acid as an alternative wastewater disinfectant to chlorine dioxide

Peracetic acid as an alternative wastewater disinfectant to chlorine dioxide

Evaluation of the efficiency of peracetic acid in the disinfection of sewage effluents

Inactivation of enteroviruses, rotaviruses and bacteriophages by peracetic acid in a municipal sewage effluent

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