Inactivation of rickettsiae

Frickmann, Hagen; Dobler, Gerhard

doi:10.1556/eujmi.3.2013.3.6

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…To effectively kill anthrax spores, a solution of either 5% formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde, a 1:10 dilution of home bleach adjusted to a pH of 7, or a 500 mg/L chlorine dioxide aqueous solution is used. As was recently established for rickettsiae, testing for dependable inactivation should include titration of the least harsh, yet safely inactivating technique and the assessment of time-inactivation curves (Frickmann and Dobler 2013). Diagnostic methods that come after inactivation techniques that are too harsh might be compromised.…”

Section: Challenges In Diagnosis and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonosis in Cancer Patients

2023

IJAB

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Zoonoses, which constitute a significant portion of emerging human infections, have been estimated to originate from wildlife in over 70% of cases. The prevalence of zoonotic diseases presents a global public health concern, with impoverished livestock workers in low-and middle-income nations being particularly vulnerable. These zoonoses result in billions of instances of illness and millions of fatalities annually. The chapter delves into the relationship between cancer and the immune system, emphasizing the challenges faced by cancer patients in mounting effective immune responses. Furthermore, it explores the intriguing link between pet ownership and the risk of developing cancer, shedding light on specific associations between certain pets and types of cancer. The transmission routes of zoonotic infections, the diversity of common zoonotic pathogens, and the challenges in diagnosing and managing these infections are thoroughly examined. The impact of cancer treatment on the immune response is explored, emphasizing the importance of understanding immunological dynamics during therapy. In conclusion, this chapter synthesizes information on zoonotic diseases, cancer, and immunology, providing valuable insights into the complex interactions between humans, animals, and the environment. The recommendations and research perspectives presented contribute to a deeper understanding of these interrelated topics, with implications for global health management and the prevention of zoonotic infections.

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Section: Challenges In Diagnosis and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonosis in Cancer Patients

2023

IJAB

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“…The methodology used should be based on the lab's capabilities and include an in‐house verification of the method. Inactivation methods reported as effective include formalin‐inactivation, acetone fixation, and gamma‐cell irradiation (Eisenberg & Osterman, 1979 ; Frickmann & Dobler, 2013 ; McDade, Black, Roumillat, Redus, & Spruill, 1988 ). Acetone fixation as an inactivation step may be preferable as it is already part of the IFA workflow.…”

Section: Monitoring Guinea Pig Immune Response To Rickettsial Infecti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Clinical and Immune Responses to Spotted Fever Rickettsioses in the Guinea Pig‐Tick‐Rickettsia System

et al. 2022

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The guinea pig was the original animal model developed for investigating spotted fever rickettsiosis (SFR). This model system has persisted on account of the guinea pig's conduciveness to tick transmission of SFR agents and ability to recapitulate SFR in humans through clinical signs that include fever, unthriftiness, and in some cases the development of an eschar. The guinea pig is the smallest animal model for SFR that allows the collection of multiple blood and skin samples antemortem for longitudinal studies. This unit provides the basic protocols necessary to establish, maintain, and utilize a guinea pig-tick-Rickettsia model for monitoring the course of infection and immune response to an infection by spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) that can be studied at biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) and arthropod containment level 2 (ACL-2); adaptations must be made for BSL-3 agents. The protocols cover methods for tick feeding and colony development, laboratory infection of ticks, tick transmission of Rickettsia to guinea pigs, and monitoring of the course of infection through clinical signs, rickettsial burden, and immune response. It should be feasible to adapt these methods to study other tick-borne pathogens.

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Microbiological laboratory diagnostics of neglected zoonotic diseases (NZDs)

Schwarz

Loderstaedt²,

Hahn

et al. 2017

Acta Tropica

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This review reports on laboratory diagnostic approaches for selected, highly pathogenic neglected zoonotic diseases, i.e. anthrax, bovine tuberculosis, brucellosis, echinococcosis, leishmaniasis, rabies, Taenia solium-associated diseases (neuro-/cysticercosis & taeniasis) and trypanosomiasis. Diagnostic options, including microscopy, culture, matrix-assisted laser-desorption-ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry, molecular approaches and serology are introduced. These procedures are critically discussed regarding their diagnostic reliability and state of evaluation. For rare diseases reliable evaluation data are scarce due to the rarity of samples. If bio-safety level 3 is required for cultural growth, but such high standards of laboratory infrastructure are not available, serological and molecular approaches from inactivated sample material might be alternatives. Multiple subsequent testing using various test platforms in a stepwise approach may improve sensitivity and specificity. Cheap and easy to use tests, usually called "rapid diagnostic tests" (RDTs) may impact disease control measures, but should not preclude developing countries from state of the art diagnostics.

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Inactivation of rickettsiae

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Zoonosis in Cancer Patients

Zoonosis in Cancer Patients

Evaluating the Clinical and Immune Responses to Spotted Fever Rickettsioses in the Guinea Pig‐Tick‐Rickettsia System

Microbiological laboratory diagnostics of neglected zoonotic diseases (NZDs)

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