Incentive Systems for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Irrigated Agriculture in the MENA Region, Evidence from Jordan and Tunisia

Abu-Madi, Maher

doi:10.1201/b20587

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Water quality is, undoubtedly, the most significant factor in water reuse schemes since the protection of public health is perceived as a high priority. Besides this, a successful reuse programme is to take into account the potential environmental impacts (Abu Madi, 2004) and economic feasibility (Abu-Rizaiza, 1999cited in Abu Madi, 2004.…”

Section: An Overview Of the Quality Of The Reclamed Water For Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its origin, public attitude toward the use of reclaimed water for irrigation of food crops plays a crucial role for the success of wastewater reuse programmes (Kretschmer, nd; Metcalf and Eddy, 2007;Abu Madi, 2004). Considering this claim, a survey of people opinions and perceptions had to be conducted on Tobruk's society.…”

Section: The Social and Cultural Aspects Of Wastewater Reusementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The determination of organic-N entails analytical methods, such as Kjeldahl technique, which is not routinely available in MENA region, and therefore ammonical nitrogen is used in the guidelines for agricultural irrigation with treated wastewater. For instance, guidelines in Jordan limit the concentrations of nitrate-N and ammonia-N to 50 mg l -1 (Abu Madi, 2004). Nutrients in Tobruk's STP effluent (Table 2) are lower than permissible levels, and hence they are not of concern.…”

Section: Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the MENA (The Middle East and North Africa) region to which Tobruk, Libya belongs, the reuse of treated effluents is well known for having a potentially important role to alleviate water scarcity problems in the region (Abu Madi, 2004). MENA's pioneer countries in agricultural water reuse are Israel, Jordan (Figure 1) and Tunisia, satisfying 20, 10 and 1.3% of their total water demand, respectively (Abu Madi, 2004;Lazarova and Bahri, 2005). Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of Wastewater Reuse for Agricultural Irrigation in Libya: Tobruk as a case study

2015

Global NEST Journal

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<div> <p>The aim of this paper is to highlight the way towards the exploitation of treated wastewater for food crops production in order to cope with the acute water scarcity and its hazardous consequences. Reclaimed water reuse has not been practiced in Tobruk, and hence, lack of relevant data and information was the major difficulty in carrying out this research. The existing sewage treatment plant in Tobruk city produces about 7,000 cubic meters per day of suitable effluent for agricultural irrigation and safe discharge. This proportion is worth twice as much as the water being currently used for irrigation. Therefore, with proper planning and management, treated wastewater reuse schemes, in addition to their economical and environmental benefits, can be an efficient mechanism to cope with water shortage and reducing the high burden placed on the desalination plant. Wastewater reuse is considered as a reliable, secure, and drought-resistant water source. Owing to the lack of disinfection processes and routinely monitoring data, there is uncertainty concerning the microbiological safety and quality of the treated effluent. Public perception might be the major challenge facing the planning for a reuse scheme as 51 % of the population of Tobruk have shown their reluctance to consume food crops irrigated with treated wastewater. Nonetheless, public attitudes can be fostered by awareness through the media as some people, when the issue was discussed, have shown a positive response. In fact their main concerns were related to public health safety and potential negative environmental impacts which can be addressed through good planning and prudent management.</p> </div> <p> </p>

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Section: An Overview Of the Quality Of The Reclamed Water For Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Social and Cultural Aspects Of Wastewater Reusementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of Wastewater Reuse for Agricultural Irrigation in Libya: Tobruk as a case study

2015

Global NEST Journal

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“…Al-Khashman 2009): irrigation, artificial recharge, potable water supply, toilet flushing, and industrial water supply. Reuse of wastewater has been practiced in many areas worldwide for thousands of years and is motivated by two strong economic incentives (Abu-Madi 2004): to decrease the water scarcity in the region, and/or avoid the cost of the deterioration of water resources and the environment caused by untreated or partly treated wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework for Wastewater Reuse in Jordan: Utilizing a Modified Wastewater Reuse Index

Alfarra

Kemp-Benedict

Hötzl

et al. 2011

Water Resour Manage

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Pressing water scarcity in Jordan rapidly increases the demands of marginal water resources for the agricultural sector. Water management studies reveal that no single source could fully solve the nation's water shortage and many integrated actions are needed to ensure water availability, suitability and sustainability. Yet, among these options treated wastewater has the largest potential to augment water supply in the near future, thereby narrowing the gap between available freshwater and total demand. Indeed, treated wastewater could be a valuable source for irrigation in the agricultural sector and an increasing percentage of irrigated areas, A. Alfarra

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Constraints of Application of Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Mediterranean Partner Countries

Kampa

Choukr‐Allah

Ahmed

et al. 2010

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Incentive Systems for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Irrigated Agriculture in the MENA Region, Evidence from Jordan and Tunisia

Cited by 26 publications

References 69 publications

The Potential of Wastewater Reuse for Agricultural Irrigation in Libya: Tobruk as a case study

The Potential of Wastewater Reuse for Agricultural Irrigation in Libya: Tobruk as a case study

A Framework for Wastewater Reuse in Jordan: Utilizing a Modified Wastewater Reuse Index

Constraints of Application of Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Mediterranean Partner Countries

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