Incidence and Glycemic Status of Infants of Diabetic Mothers among 189 Hospitalized Low Birth Weight Babies

Das, Ashith Chandra; Azad, Tarek; Nazme, Nure Ishrat; Chowdhury, Jannatul Ferdush; Rahman, Zainab; Rahman, Farzana

doi:10.3329/dmcj.v5i1.31420

“…Defined by the World Health Organization as carbohydrate intolerance leading to hyperglycemia of varying severity first identified during pregnancy, GDM's prevalence is a growing concern worldwide 3 . In specific regions, such as Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh, the prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (Pre-GDM) and GDM is notably high, underscoring the need for focused research in these areas 4,5 . The hormonal changes during pregnancy, particularly the increase in hormones like human placental lactogen and cortisol, exacerbate insulin resistance, a key factor in the development of GDM 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Gestational and Pre-Gestational Diabetes on Maternal Complications and Fetal Outcomes: A Comparative Observational Study at Rangpur Medical College Hospital

Nahida Sultana

2024

Global Journal of Medical Science

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Introduction: Diabetes in pregnancy, including gestational and pre-gestational diabetes, presents significant risks to both maternal and fetal health. Understanding the impact of these conditions on pregnancy outcomes is crucial for developing effective management strategies. Methods: This observational comparative study involved 300 pregnant women at Rangpur Medical College Hospital, divided into three groups: pre-gestational diabetic (Group A), gestational diabetic (Group B), and non-diabetic control (Group C). Data on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric profiles, mode of delivery, maternal complications, and fetal outcomes were collected and analyzed. Result: The study meticulously analyzed socio-demographic characteristics, revealing no significant differences across the groups. In obstetric profiles, Group A (Pre-Gestational Diabetic) had a notably lower mean gestational age at delivery (36.06 ± 2.71 weeks) compared to Group B (Gestational Diabetic) and Group C (Control), with mean ages of 37.34± 1.12 and 38.46±1.13 weeks, respectively. Maternal complications were significantly higher in Group A at 47%, compared to 25% in Group B and 12% in Group C. Fetal outcomes showed marked variations: Group A had 95% stable births, 5% stillbirths, and 60% of neonates with Apgar scores ≤7 at 5 minutes. In contrast, Group B had 96% stable births, 4% stillbirths, and 27% of neonates with Apgar scores ≤7, while Group C reported 100% stable births and 11% with Apgar scores ≤7. Birth weight distribution indicated 24% of neonates in Group A weighed <2 kg, compared to 5% in Group B and 4% in Group C. NICU admissions were highest in Group A (44%), followed by Group B (29%) and Group C (11%). Perinatal complications like birth asphyxia (38% in Group A, 16% in Group B, 6% in Group C), hypoglycemia (22% in Group A, 10% in Group B, 4% in Group C), and hyperbilirubinemia (16% in Group A, 12% in Group B, 0% in Group C) were also significantly higher in diabetic groups. Conclusion: The presence of gestational or pre-gestational diabetes in mothers significantly impacts fetal outcomes and increases the risk of maternal complications. This study highlights the need for specialized care and vigilant monitoring in pregnancies complicated by diabetes to improve health outcomes for mothers and babies.

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“…Defined by the World Health Organization as carbohydrate intolerance leading to hyperglycemia of varying severity first identified during pregnancy, GDM's prevalence is a growing concern worldwide 3 . In specific regions, such as Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh, the prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (Pre-GDM) and GDM is notably high, underscoring the need for focused research in these areas 4,5 . The hormonal changes during pregnancy, particularly the increase in hormones like human placental lactogen and cortisol, exacerbate insulin resistance, a key factor in the development of GDM 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Gestational Diabetes and Pre-existing Diabetes in Fetal Outcome among Pregnancy Cases of Rangpur

Nahida Sultana

2023

Global Journal of Medical Science

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Introduction: Diabetes in pregnancy, including gestational and pre-gestational diabetes, presents significant risks to both maternal and fetal health. Understanding the impact of these conditions on pregnancy outcomes is crucial for developing effective management strategies. Methods: This observational comparative study involved 300 pregnant women at Rangpur Medical College Hospital, divided into three groups: pre-gestational diabetic (Group A), gestational diabetic (Group B), and non-diabetic control (Group C). Data on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric profiles, mode of delivery, maternal complications, and fetal outcomes were collected and analyzed. Result: The study meticulously analyzed socio-demographic characteristics, revealing no significant differences across the groups. In obstetric profiles, Group A (Pre-Gestational Diabetic) had a notably lower mean gestational age at delivery (36.06 ± 2.71 weeks) compared to Group B (Gestational Diabetic) and Group C (Control), with mean ages of 37.34± 1.12 and 38.46±1.13 weeks, respectively. Maternal complications were significantly higher in Group A at 47%, compared to 25% in Group B and 12% in Group C. Fetal outcomes showed marked variations: Group A had 95% stable births, 5% stillbirths, and 60% of neonates with Apgar scores ≤7 at 5 minutes. In contrast, Group B had 96% stable births, 4% stillbirths, and 27% of neonates with Apgar scores ≤7, while Group C reported 100% stable births and 11% with Apgar scores ≤7. Birth weight distribution indicated 24% of neonates in Group A weighed <2 kg, compared to 5% in Group B and 4% in Group C. NICU admissions were highest in Group A (44%), followed by Group B (29%) and Group C (11%). Perinatal complications like birth asphyxia (38% in Group A, 16% in Group B, 6% in Group C), hypoglycemia (22% in Group A, 10% in Group B, 4% in Group C), and hyperbilirubinemia (16% in Group A, 12% in Group B, 0% in Group C) were also significantly higher in diabetic groups. Conclusion: The presence of gestational or pre-gestational diabetes in mothers significantly impacts fetal outcomes and increases the risk of maternal complications. This study highlights the need for specialized care and vigilant monitoring in pregnancies complicated by diabetes to improve health outcomes for mothers and babies.

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“…In a study Das AC et al25 found that out of 189 LBW newborns, 9 (5%) had history of maternal diabetes mellitus. In another study Mahmood et al 26 found 7.6% infant of diabetic mother (IDM) were low birth weight.…”

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confidence: 99%

Maternal Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight Neonates in a Military Hospital of Bangladesh

Islam¹,

Sultana²,

Akter³

et al. 2021

J. Armed Forces Med. Coll.

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Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is an index of our status of public health, maternal health and nutrition. LBW is a multi-factorial problem. The major challenge in the field of public health is to identify the factors influencing LBW and to institute remedial measures. Objective: To find out the maternal risk factors of low birth weight neonates. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Ghatail from January 2018 to June 2019. A total of 707 mothers were included in this study who delivered live infants during study period; among them, 122 were LBW neonates. All the mothers of LBW neonates were evaluated and data were collected by using structured questionnaire. Results: A total 707 live birth occurred during the study period of which 122 were LBW and the incidence of LBW was 17.3%. Out of 122 mothers 18(14.8%) were <20 years, 69 (56.6%) were between 20-30 years and 35(28.7%) were >30 years of age; 19(15.6%) were underweight, 83 (68.0%) were normal weight and 20(16.4%) were overweight and obese; 34(27.9%) took inadequate antenatal check up and 88(72.1%) mother took adequate antenatal check up. Among 122 mothers 25(20.5%) were para 01, 47(38.5%) were para 02 and 50(41%) were para ≥ 03; 16(13.1%) had birth space <2 years and 106(86.9%) had birth space >2 years; 09(7.4%) educated upto primary school, 73(59.8%) educated upto high school and 40(32.8%) educated upto college & above. Regarding maternal illness 30(24.6%) mothers had premature rupture of membranes (PROM), 20(16.4%) had hypertension (HTN), 12(9.8%) had diabetes mellitus (DM), 05(4.1%) had severe oligohydramnios, 05(4.1%) had chronic anaemia and 06 had other illness (4.9%). Conclusion: The risk factors for LBW babies identified in this study are modifiable. In order to reduce this menace, holistic approaches such as health education, maternal nutrition and increasing the quality and quantity of the antenatal care services are of paramount importance. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 55-58

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Incidence and Glycemic Status of Infants of Diabetic Mothers among 189 Hospitalized Low Birth Weight Babies

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Impact of Gestational and Pre-Gestational Diabetes on Maternal Complications and Fetal Outcomes: A Comparative Observational Study at Rangpur Medical College Hospital

Impact of Gestational and Pre-Gestational Diabetes on Maternal Complications and Fetal Outcomes: A Comparative Observational Study at Rangpur Medical College Hospital

Impact of Gestational Diabetes and Pre-existing Diabetes in Fetal Outcome among Pregnancy Cases of Rangpur

Maternal Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight Neonates in a Military Hospital of Bangladesh

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