Incidence and patterns of hepatitis C virus seroconversion in a cohort of hemodialysis patients1

Sypsa, Vana; Psichogiou, Mina; Katsoulidou, Antigoni; Skoutelis, G.; Moutafis, S.; Hadjiconstantinou, Valsamakis; Kakavas, J; Kalapothaki, Viktoria; Boletis, John; Hatzakis, Angelos

doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.09.021

Cited by 65 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The present study did not identify any patient with HCV-PCR who had tested anti-HCV negative, which is contrary to the findings of some studies (16,18,30,32,41). Possible reasons could include lower prevalence of immunosuppression (hence delayed antibody development), lower HCV incidence (lower probability of patient tested during serological 'window period') or other differences in population characteristics.…”

Section: Figure 1) Flow Chart Of Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) Test Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Anti-HCV tests may not accurately reflect true HCV status due to delayed or blunted seroconversion in the immunodepressed (14,15); a delay of up to 18 months has been reported in dialysis patients (16)(17)(18). HCV RNA is detectable in serum by PCR within two weeks of infection; it disappears if the infection resolves spontaneously and persists in chronic infections (15).…”

Section: Interprétationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients in British Columbia: Follow‐up after a Possible Breach in Hemodialysis Machines

Buxton

Whitlock

et al. 2008

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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BACKGROUND: A possible breach of the transducer protector in specific dialysis machines was reported in June 2004 in British Columbia (BC), which led to testing of hemodialysis patients for hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV. This testing provided an opportunity to examine HCV incidence, prevalence and coinfection with HBV and HIV, and to compare anti-HCV and HCV polymerase chain reaction (PCR).METHODS: The results of hemodialysis patients who were dialyzed on the implicated machines (65% of BC dialysis patients), and tested for HCV, HBV and HIV, between June 1, 2004, and December 31, 2004, were reviewed and compared with available previous results.RESULTS: Of 1286 hemodialysis patients with anti-HCV and/or HCV-PCR testing, 69 (5.4%) tested positive. Two HCV genotype 4 seroconversions were identified. HCV incidence rate on dialysis was 78.8 cases per 100,000 person-years. Younger age, history of renal transplant and past HBV infection were associated with HCV infection. No occult infection was identified using HCV-PCR.INTERPRETATION: Hemodialysis patients had three times the HCV prevalence rate of the general BC population, and more than 20 times the incident rate of the general Canadian population. One of the two seroconversions occurred before the testing campaign; the patient was likely infected during hemodialysis in South Asia. The other was plausibly a late seroconversion following renal transplant in South Asia. Nosocomial transmission cannot be ruled out because both patients were dialyzed in the same centre. Baseline and annual anti-HCV testing is recommended. HCV-PCR should be considered at baseline for persons with HCV risk factors, and for returning travellers who received dialysis in HCV-endemic countries to identify HCV infection occurring outside the hemodialysis unit.

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Section: Figure 1) Flow Chart Of Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) Test Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Interprétationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients in British Columbia: Follow‐up after a Possible Breach in Hemodialysis Machines

Buxton

Whitlock

et al. 2008

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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“…In order to prevent the nosocomial transmission of HCV among HD patients CDC has recommended special precautions such as strict adherence to 'universal precautions', careful attention to hygiene, and strict sterilization of dialysis machines (Sypsa et al, 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Somsundaram¹,

Rani²

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…Mello Lde et al [23] , 2007 Lopes et al [24] , 2006 Albuquerque et al [25] , 2005 Carneiro et al [26] , 2001 China Maintain 7.01%-37.34% Ren et al [27] , 2011 Qi et al [28] , 2003 Greece 10%-29% Garinis et al [29] , 1999 Rigopoulou et al [30] , 2005 Sypsa et al [31] , 2005 Sweden 11.0% Almroth et al [32] , 2002 Iran 13.2% Alavian et al [33] , 2003 France 16.3% Salama et al [34] , 2000 Tunisia 19%-41.7% Bouzgarrou et al [35] , 2005 Ayed et al [36] , 2003 Libya 20.5% Daw et al [37] , 2002…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The infection risk usually increases with the prevalence of HCV, and the number and length of hemodialysis exposure in corresponding hemodialysis units [4,5,31,40] . Recently, da Silva et al [4] reported that HCVinfected patients had been on hemodialysis for 91.9 mo, more prolonged than HCV-negative patients (P = 0.001).…”

Section: 0%mentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients

Wang

et al. 2014

WJH

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currently the main treatment strategies for MHD patients with active HCV replication, but how to increase the sustained virological response and decrease the side effects is the key problem. IFNα-free treatments with two or three direct-acting antivirals without ribavirin in MHD patients are waiting for future investigations. Key words: Hemodialysis; Hepatitis C virus; Epidemiology; Risk factors; Prophylaxis; Treatment Core tip: The new hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections during maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in recent years are mainly caused by the lack of stringent universal precautions. Strict implementation of universal precautions for HCV transmission has led to markedly decreased HCV infections in many hemodialysis units, but the anti-HCV negative HCV infection and occult HCV infection in MHD patients still should be noted. How to increase the sustained virological response and decrease the side effects is the key problem for the currently recommended interferon alpha-based antiviral therapy in MHD patients. Interferon alpha-free treatments with two or three direct-acting antivirals without ribavirin in MHD patients are waiting for future investigations.

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Incidence and patterns of hepatitis C virus seroconversion in a cohort of hemodialysis patients1

Cited by 65 publications

References 36 publications

Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients in British Columbia: Follow‐up after a Possible Breach in Hemodialysis Machines

Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus in Hemodialysis Patients in British Columbia: Follow‐up after a Possible Breach in Hemodialysis Machines

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Management of hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients

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