Incidence of acute symptomatic toxoplasma retinochoroiditis in south London according to country of birth

Abstract

A substantial proportion of people with acute symptomatic toxoplasma retinochoroiditis were born outside the country, and the number born in Britain was smaller than the number previously estimated to develop retinochoroidal lesions due to congenital toxoplasmosis. These findings suggest that prenatal screening for toxoplasmosis in Britain may be of limited benefit.

Prevalence of acute toxoplasmosis infection among 41,112 pregnant women and the mother-to-child transmission rate in a public hospital in South Brazil

“…Compared to other countries, our CTox rate at one year of age was similar to that found in Poland (1.1/1,000) (Paul et al 2001) and was greater than those reported for Sweden (0.07/1,000) (Evengard et al 2001), Massachusetts, USA (0.08/1000) (Guerina et al 1994) and London, England (0.08/1,000) (Gilbert et al 1995), Switzerland (0.12/1,000) (Signorell et al 2006), Barcelona, Spain (0.3/1,000) (Munoz Batet et al 2004) and Denmark (0.4/1,000) . Only in Paris, France was a higher occurrence reported (1.9-3.2/1,000) (Remington et al 2005).…”

“…The occurrence of congenital toxoplasmosis (CTox) was found to be 0.07/1,000 births in Sweden (Evengard et al 2001), 0.08/1,000 in Massachusetts, USA, and in London, England (Guerina et al 1994, Gilbert et al 1995, 0.12/1,000 in Switzerland (Signorell et al 2006), 0.3/1,000 in Barcelona, Spain (Munoz Batet et al 2004), 0.4/1,000 in Denmark ), 1.1/1,000 in Poland (Paul et al 2001), and 1.9-3.2/1,000 in Paris, France (Remington et al 2005).…”

Epidemiology of and Diagnostic Strategies for Toxoplasmosis

“…In particular, several studies have shown higher incidences and severities of chorioretinitis in Brazil (146) or Colombia, both during primary infections of immunocompetent subjects and in congenitally infected infants. The strain genotype could also be an explanation for the high proportion of retinochoroiditis (19 of 100 cases with proven acute infection) in an outbreak in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, where an atypical cougar isolate was suspected to be the cause (40), and for the 100-fold-higher incidence of ocular toxoplasmosis in patients born in Africa than in patients born in Britain (148). Moreover, in the British Columbia outbreak, 20% of patients had recurrent episodes of retinochoroiditis (47).…”

Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Congenital Toxoplasmosis in the United States

“…The vast majority of these women were treated during pregnancy, and the vast majority of the infected children were also treated. According to the 2006 EUROTOXO study report, 9 reported rates of CT vary across different European countries (ie, 0.7 in 10 000 in Sweden, 92 0.8 in 10 000 in the United Kingdom, 113 1 in 10 000 in Austria, 3 1.6 in 10 000 in Denmark, 114 5 in 10 000 in Switzerland, 11 in 10 000 in Poland, 115 and 13 in 10 000 in Germany 9 ). However, the differences in those rates should be interpreted cautiously because of chronologic and methodologic differences.…”