Incidence of antibiotic resistance and sex pheromone response among enterococci isolated from clinical human samples and from municipal waste water

Valdivia, Eva; Martín-Sánchez, Inés; Quirantes, R.; Martínez‐Bueno, Manuel; Gálvez, Antonio; Maqueda, Mercedes

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1996.tb03544.x

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Since the first introduction of antibiotics, overuse has been an issue, as overprescription of first generation antibiotics has led to many resistant bacterial strains (Murray et al 1998; Monroe and Polk 2000;Lieberman 2003). The presence of antibioticresistant bacteria in wastewater has been investigated and thought to be more related to hospital rather than domestic waste (Valdivia et al 1996); however with regard to biosolids, little research has been conducted. As such, biosolids may be highly influenced by hospital waste and any associated antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and endotoxin associated with the land application of biosolids

et al. 2007

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The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and endotoxin in soil after land application of biosolids. Soil was collected over a 15 month period following land application of biosolids, and antibiotic resistance was ascertained using clinically relevant antibiotic concentrations. Ampicillin, cephalothin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline resistance were all monitored separately for any changes throughout the 15 month period. Endotoxin soil concentrations were monitored using commercially available endotoxin analysis reagents. Overall, land application of biosolids did not increase the percentage of antibiotic-resistant culturable bacteria above background soil levels. Likewise, land application of biosolids did not significantly increase the concentration of endotoxin in soil. This study determined and established a baseline understanding of the overall effect that land application of biosolids had on the land-applied field with respect to antibiotic-resistant bacterial and endotoxin soil densities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and endotoxin associated with the land application of biosolids

et al. 2007

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“…In conjunction with the above evidence, the AS surface protein should represent a good target for vaccine development due to its high incidence in clinical isolates (8,51) and its likely involvement as a virulence factor in several model systems. This study was designed to investigate the role of host antibodies to AS in protective immunity against endocarditis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antibodies to a Surface-Exposed, N-terminal Domain of Aggregation Substance Are Not Protective in the Rabbit Model of Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis

et al. 2001

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The aggregation substance (AS) surface protein from Enterococcus faecalis has been implicated as an important virulence factor for the development of infective endocarditis. To evaluate the role of antibodies specific for Asc10 (the AS protein from the conjugative plasmid pCF10) in protective immunity to infective endocarditis, an N-terminal region of Asc10 lacking the signal peptide and predicted to be surface exposed (amino acids 44 to 331; AS 44-331 ) was cloned with a C-terminal histidine tag translational fusion and expressed from Escherichia coli. N-terminal amino acid sequencing of the purified protein revealed the correct sequence, and rabbit polyclonal antisera raised against AS 44-331 reacted specifically to Asc10 expressed from E. faecalis OG1SSp, but not to other proteins as judged by Western blot analysis. Using these antisera, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that antibodies to AS 44-331 bound to a surface-exposed region of Asc10. Furthermore, antibodies specific for AS 44-331 were opsonic for E. faecalis expressing Asc10 in vitro but not for cells that did not express Asc10. New Zealand White rabbits immunized with AS 44-331 were challenged intravenously with E. faecalis cells constitutively expressing Asc10 in the rabbit model of experimental endocarditis. Highly immune animals did not show significant differences in clearance of organisms from the blood or spleen or in formation of vegetations on the aortic valve, in comparison with nonimmune animals. Although in vivo expression of Asc10 was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, these experiments provide evidence that immunity to Asc10 does not play a role in protection from experimental infective endocarditis due to E. faecalis and may have important implications for the development of immunological approaches to combat enterococcal endocarditis.

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“…Due to the ability of enterococci to transfer transposons (including conjugative transposons), resistance plasmids, and sex pheromone plasmids to a broad range of recipients, they may act as a reservoir of resistance genes for gram-positive bacteria, including human pathogens (25). Enterococci have been isolated from different aquatic habitats, such as wastewater (20,23,28,37), pristine water (23,28), and aquaculture ponds (8). Enterococcus spp.…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of Integrated Fish Farming on Antimicrobial Resistance in a Pond Environment

Petersen

Andersen²,

Kaewmak

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

183

110

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Integrated fish farming combines livestock production with fish farming. Animal manure is shed directly into a fish pond as fertilizer and supports the growth of photosynthetic organisms. The livestock, mainly chickens and pigs, is often fed feed containing growth promoters. In this study we investigated the impact of integrated fish farming on the levels of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in a pond environment. One integrated broiler chicken-fish farm was studied for 2 months immediately after the start of a new fish production cycle. A significant increase over time in the resistance to six different antimicrobials was found for the indicator organism Acinetobacter spp. isolated from composite water-sediment samples. The initial resistance levels prior to the new production cycle were 1 to 5%. After 2 months the levels of resistance to oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxazole reached 100%, and the levels of resistance to ciprofloxacin were more than 80%. The long-term effects of resistance on integrated farming were studied on seven additional farms. The resistance levels were particularly high among Enterococcus spp. and were also high among Acinetobacter spp. isolated from water-sediment samples compared to the resistance levels at four control farms. In conclusion, integrated fish farming seems to favor antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the pond environment. This could be attributed to the selective pressure of antimicrobials in the pond environment and/or to the introduction of antimicrobialresistant bacteria from animal manure. Potential risks to human health were not addressed in this study and remain to be elucidated.

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Incidence of antibiotic resistance and sex pheromone response among enterococci isolated from clinical human samples and from municipal waste water

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and endotoxin associated with the land application of biosolids

Occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and endotoxin associated with the land application of biosolids

Antibodies to a Surface-Exposed, N-terminal Domain of Aggregation Substance Are Not Protective in the Rabbit Model of Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis

Impact of Integrated Fish Farming on Antimicrobial Resistance in a Pond Environment

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