Incidence of Cancer Among Persons With Schizophrenia and Their Relatives

Lichtermann, Dirk; Ekelund, Jesper; Pukkala, Eero; Tanskanen, Antti; Lönnqvist, Jouko

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.6.573

Cited by 274 publications

(224 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…31,32 A previously unexplained (though replicated) epidemiologic finding in schizophrenia has been the reduced incidence of these two cancers in relatives of SCZ patients. 33,34 Similarly, an elevated level of GM-CSF in synovial fluid has been implicated in the inflammatory pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 35 and SCZ patients have consistently demonstrated a reduced prevalence of RA. 36 Moreover, SCZ patients show increased incidence of other inflammatory autoimmune disorders such as celiac disease and Sjö gren's syndrome before SCZ onset, and prevalence of many autoimmune disorders is increased in parents of SCZ patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Converging evidence for a pseudoautosomal cytokine receptor gene locus in schizophrenia

et al. 2007

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Schizophrenia is a strongly heritable disorder, and identification of potential candidate genes has accelerated in recent years. Genomewide scans have identified multiple large linkage regions across the genome, with fine-mapping studies and other investigations of biologically plausible targets demonstrating several promising candidate genes of modest effect. The recent introduction of technological platforms for whole-genome association (WGA) studies can provide an opportunity to rapidly identify novel targets, although no WGA studies have been reported in the psychiatric literature to date. We report results of a case-control WGA study in schizophrenia, examining B500 000 markers, which revealed a strong effect (P = 3.7 Â 10 À7 ) of a novel locus (rs4129148) near the CSF2RA (colony stimulating factor, receptor 2 alpha) gene in the pseudoautosomal region. Sequencing of CSF2RA and its neighbor, IL3RA (interleukin 3 receptor alpha) in an independent case-control cohort revealed both common intronic haplotypes and several novel, rare missense variants associated with schizophrenia. The presence of cytokine receptor abnormalities in schizophrenia may help explain prior epidemiologic data relating the risk for this illness to altered rates of autoimmune disorders, prenatal infection and familial leukemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Converging evidence for a pseudoautosomal cytokine receptor gene locus in schizophrenia

et al. 2007

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“…Neuroleptics have been hypothesised to account for the reduced cancer occurrence observed in patients with schizophrenia in a number of studies (Dupont et al, 1986;Mortensen, 1989;Gulbinat et al, 1992;Mortensen, 1994;Lichtermann et al, 2001;Dalton et al, 2005). This reduction has been found primarily in men in smoking-related cancers, and in prostate and rectal cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, concern has been raised that neuroleptic medication may increase breast cancer risk due to their prolactinincreasing effect (Schyve et al, 1978) and this has been reported among women with schizophrenia (Nakane and Ohta, 1986;Gulbinat et al, 1992;Lichtermann et al, 2001) and a range of psychiatric disorders (Halbreich et al, 1996;Wang et al, 2002). The few studies of breast cancer risk in patients treated with neuroleptics have mainly found no excess (Overall, 1978;Wagner and Mantel, 1978;Kanhouwa et al, 1984;Kelly et al, 1999), an exception being a recent cohort study (Wang et al, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cancer risk among users of neuroleptic medication: a population-based cohort study

et al. 2006

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It has been suggested that neuroleptic medication may decrease cancer risk. We compared cancer risks in a population-based cohort study of 25 264 users (X2 prescriptions) of neuroleptic medications in the county of North Jutland, Denmark, during 1989Denmark, during -2002, with that of county residents who did not receive such prescriptions. Statistical analyses were based on age-standardisation and Poisson regression analysis, adjusting for age, calendar period, COPD, liver cirrhosis or alcoholism, use of NSAID, and, for breast cancer, additionally for use of hormone therapy, age at first birth, and number of children. Use of neuroleptic medications was associated with a decreased risk for rectal cancer in both women and men (adjusted IRRs of 0.61 (95% confidence interval, 0.41 -0.91) and 0.82 (0.56 -1.19), respectively) and for colon cancer in female users (0.78; 0.62 -0.98). Some risk reduction was seen for prostate cancer (0.87; 0.69 -1.08), but breast cancer risk was close to unity (0.93; 0.74 -1.17). Overall, treatment with neuroleptic medications was not related to a reduced risk of cancer, but for cancers of the rectum, colon and prostate there were suggestive decreases in risk.

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“…Dans une autre étude réalisée en Finlande [13] à partir des registres de décès, les auteurs ont objectivé une augmentation de risque de cancer de l'ordre de 1.17 chez les sujets schizophrènes et une diminution du risque chez les apparentés de l'ordre de 0.89 à 0.91.…”

Section: La Mortalité Par Cancerunclassified

Mortalité et surmortalité dans la schizophrénie

Loas¹

2009

Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique

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RésuméL'objet de la communication est de présenter une synthèse des études explorant la mortalité chez les sujets schizophrènes. Les méta-analyses récentes confirment l'augmentation de la mortalité chez les schizophrènes, notamment au cours des trois dernières décennies, avec un risque trois fois supérieur à celui de la population générale. Ce risque concerne à la fois la mortalité non naturelle et la mortalité naturelle. La cause principale de mortalité non naturelle est le suicide, avec un risque 12 fois supérieur à celui de la population générale. La mortalité par cause naturelle concerne notamment les maladies cardiovasculaires et respiratoires. Les stratégies préventives sont présentées avec, d'une part, la lutte contre les facteurs de risque de suicide et, d'autre part, la correction des habitudes de vie délétères (tabagisme, sédentarité, obésité, diabète). L'implication des nouveaux neuroleptiques dans l'augmentation de la mortalité ces trois dernières décennies est discutée.Mots clés : Mortalité ; Neuroleptiques ; Schizophrénie ; Suicide AbstractThe aim of the present communication is to present an overview on mortality in schizophrenic patients. Recent meta-analyses have confirmed high rates of mortality in schizophrenic patients and, notably, the gap observed in the last three decades between mortality in the general population and that of schizophrenic patients. In this population mortality rates due to non-natural causes, essentially suicide, are twelve times higher than that Page 2 of 10 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 2 of the general population, natural causes of mortality being due to cardio-vascular and respiratory diseases. Atypical antipsychotics have been incriminated in the high rate of mortality among schizophrenic patients. Prevention was focused firstly on a decrease of the risk of suicide and secondly on poor living habits (smoking, obesity). The importance of a regular follow-up of the somatic health of schizophrenic patients was discussed.

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Incidence of Cancer Among Persons With Schizophrenia and Their Relatives

Cited by 274 publications

References 40 publications

Converging evidence for a pseudoautosomal cytokine receptor gene locus in schizophrenia

Converging evidence for a pseudoautosomal cytokine receptor gene locus in schizophrenia

Cancer risk among users of neuroleptic medication: a population-based cohort study

Mortalité et surmortalité dans la schizophrénie

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