Incidence of Depression among Incarcerated Woman in Central Prison, Peshawar, Pakistan

Khan, Tahir Mehmood; Hussain, Hamid; Khan, Ghulam Sarwar; Khan, Abbas; Badshah, Aliena; Sarwar, Robina

doi:10.29333/ejgm/82552

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The current study also demonstrated that prisoners who had children experienced depression more than those who did not have children. A study conducted among women incarcerated in the Peshawar Central Prison, Pakistan had reported similar findings [ 11 ]. As reported by Munoz-Laboy et al and Campos et al, lack of close relationship with children might be the reason for high occurrence of depression among inmates [ 19 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…This figure is massively higher than the national estimate of depression in the general population in Ethiopia which is 5% [14]; this prevalence is also higher than findings of a population-based study conducted in southwest of the country (15%) [22]. Higher prevalence of depression in prison population compared to the general population had been consistently reported from studies done in Nigeria [9, 19],, Brazil [20], Pakistan [11] and Iran [9–11] with some variations in magnitude among the studies. Such variations in the prevalence of depression among the studies might be due to differences in the tools, cut off value used to measure it, variations in prison environments, sample size, and variations in the overall characteristics of the study settings that could be related to the prevalence of depression in one way or another.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Depression and associated factors among prisoners in Bahir Dar Prison, Ethiopia

2019

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BackgroundGlobally there is a rapid increase in prison population, and one out of nine inmates suffers from mental disorders like depression. In Ethiopia, although a mental health strategy is in place, little attention is given to prisoners and studies which focus on depression among prisoners are still scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression and factors associated with it among prisoners.MethodAcross-sectional study was conducted from October 5 to 28, 2016 in Bahir Dar city. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 402 prisoners. Depression was measured using Patient Health Questionnaire, nine item version (PHQ-9) at a cut point of five. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, behavioral factors, perceived general health, and prison situation variables were collected using structured questionnaire. The data were collected by trained interviewers. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Binary logistic regression was used to identify predictors of depression.ResultThe prevalence of depression was 45.5% (95%CI: 40.5–50.5%). In the final model, having children [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.48; 95%CI: 1.60–3.83], health satisfaction rated as moderate [AOR = 3.20; 95%CI: 1.12–9.00] or dissatisfied [AOR = 1.63; 95%CI: 1.02–2.62] compared to satisfied, being sentenced for more than 5 years [AOR = 2.31; 95%CI: 1.01–5.25] or 1–5 years [AOR = 3.04; 95%CI: 1.2–7.71] were positively associated with depression.ConclusionHigh prevalence of depression was found among prisoners. Those with poor general health, long years of imprisonment, and concerns of children were the most vulnerable. Strengthening mental health services of prisons is critically required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Depression and associated factors among prisoners in Bahir Dar Prison, Ethiopia

2019

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“…However, It is higher than results of study in Iran among sentenced prisoners (29%) [18], reports of Bureau of Justice Statistics among State prisoners (23%) and jail inmates (30%) [22], systematic review of 62 studies from 12 countries; which reported 10% among men and 12% among females [20], study conducted in Agaro town (15%) [39], in low- to middle-income countries which ranges from 5.9 to 11.1% [28], and northern Uganda (29.2%) [40]. On the other hand it is lower than results reported on Woman in Central Prison, Peshawar, Pakistan (59.4%) [17], by studies done in Germany among general adults [41]. The possible explanation for the differences might be socio-demographic, socio-economic and cultural difference between our study population and the listed studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An extensive literature review done in 24 countries revealed rates of depression of around 10 and 14% in males and females prisoners respectively [15]. Many studies reported different levels of depression among detainees; 46.1% among Norwegian inmates [16], 59.4% among incarcerated women in Central Prison of Peshawar, Pakistan [17], 29% among sentenced prisoners in Iran [18], 18% among prisoners of England and Wales (including anxiety) [19], 10 and 12% among men and women prisoners respectively [20], 23.3% among prisoners of Durban, South Africa (including psychotic and anxiety disorders) [21], and 49% among prisons and jails according to special reports of U.S. department of Justice [22]. In Kaliti Federal Prisons, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 61.9% of prisoners were found to have high levels of mental distress in general [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More than eight in every nineteen inmates were living with depression at prisons of Northwest Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, a cross sectional study design

Beyen¹,

Dadi

Dachew

et al. 2017

BMC Psychiatry

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BackgroundMental health is the greatest challenges for the current and future generations. Worldwide, out of the 66 million people suffering from depression; majority (85%) were from low and middle income countries. The prevalence was more common among the prisons population than the community. However, a worldwide consideration given to the problems is very low, particularly for prisoners.MethodsTo assess level of depression and associated factors among prisoners in prisons of Northwest Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, Institutional based cross sectional study was employed on 727 prisoners selected by multistage random sampling from three prisons of northwest Amhara. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess an individuals’ depression level. The reliability of the tool was checked by Cronbach’s Alpha (yielding value of 0.841). Multivariable logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with depression after Hosmer and lemeshow goodness of fit test was used for model fitness.ResultsOf the total prisoners participated (649), 284 (43.8%; 95% CI: 39.90, 47.67%) had symptoms of depression. Detainees’ satisfaction level about life before imprisonment, belief about their life after imprisonment, plan to commit suicide, social support and types of prisons were significantly associated with depression.ConclusionsDepression level among detainees was found to be high. Thus, providing training to scale up satisfaction of prisoners, on how to cope up with environment just before imprisonment and release, and treating prisoners will improve the problem.

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“…As far as the Pakistani situation is concerned, no study highlighted the situation of prison libraries. However, literature (Ali and Shah, 2011; Khan et al , 2012; Shagufta et al , 2015) identified poor facilities in Jails and inmates specifically, young and women prisoners depressed due to ignorance of their legal rights. These studies also mentioned that the feelings of suffocation and isolation caused suicidal attacks in Jails.…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Pakistani prison libraries: an assessment of services and challenges

Hussain

Batool

Soroya

et al. 2019

GKMC

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Purpose The purpose of the paper is to examine the current status of prison libraries, their role, services and collection in Pakistani context. It also attempts to highlight the main problems faced by selected libraries. Design/methodology/approach The qualitative research approach was adopted to achieve the study objectives. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews to find out respondents’ views about libraries in prison. Findings Findings of the study confirmed that inmates’ library queries are mostly related to the legal matters, and it is quite natural. One of the significant services of the Pakistani prison libraries is to help prisoners in their education. The main role of the library caretaker was to educate and offer rehabilitation programs. Unavailability of library space, lack of professional staff, limited collections, poor budgetary situation and censorship issues are the major challenges that Pakistani prison libraries are facing. Social implications The study findings further implicate that open libraries and access to books would promote positivity within society and reduce criminal and immoral acts. Originality/value It is the first of its kind and unique study that presents the current situation of prison libraries in the Pakistani context. The study has practical implications for policymakers to give importance to prison libraries in terms of finance, professional staff and the availability of information sources.

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Incidence of Depression among Incarcerated Woman in Central Prison, Peshawar, Pakistan

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Depression and associated factors among prisoners in Bahir Dar Prison, Ethiopia

Depression and associated factors among prisoners in Bahir Dar Prison, Ethiopia

More than eight in every nineteen inmates were living with depression at prisons of Northwest Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, a cross sectional study design

Pakistani prison libraries: an assessment of services and challenges

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