Incidence of melanoma in organ transplant recipients in Alberta, Canada

Tran, Mimi; Sander, Michael; Ravani, Pietro; Mydlarski, P. Régine

doi:10.1111/ctr.12818

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Non-PTLDs: The most represented malignancies in adult OLT recipients are skin cancers[31-33] despite their lower recurrence after other SOTs[33-35]. Non-melanoma skin cancer are the most represented, and OLT recipients express a much higher risk when compared to the healthy population[36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

De novo malignancies after liver transplantation: The effect of immunosuppressionn-personal data and review of literature

Manzia¹,

Angelico²,

Gazia³

et al. 2019

WJG

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BACKGROUNDImmunosuppression has undoubtedly raised the overall positive outcomes in the post-operative management of solid organ transplantation. However, long-term exposure to immunosuppression is associated with critical systemic morbidities. De novo malignancies following orthotopic liver transplants (OLTs) are a serious threat in pediatric and adult transplant individuals. Data from different experiences were reported and compared to assess the connection between immunosuppression and de novo malignancies in liver transplant patients.AIMTo study the role of immunosuppression on the incidence of de novo malignancies in liver transplant recipients.METHODSA systematic literature examination about de novo malignancies and immunosuppression weaning in adult and pediatric OLT recipients was described in the present review. Worldwide data were collected from highly qualified institutions performing OLTs. Patient follow-up, immunosuppression discontinuation and incidence of de novo malignancies were reported. Likewise, the review assesses the differences in adult and pediatric recipients by describing the adopted immunosuppression regimens and the different type of diagnosed solid and blood malignancy.RESULTSEmerging evidence suggests that the liver is an immunologically privileged organ able to support immunosuppression discontinuation in carefully selected recipients. Malignancies are often detected in liver transplant patients undergoing daily immunosuppression regimens. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative diseases and skin tumors are the most detected de novo malignancies in the pediatric and adult OLT population, respectively. To date, immunosuppression withdrawal has been achieved in up to 40% and 60% of well-selected adult and pediatric recipients, respectively. In both populations, a clear benefit of immunosuppression weaning protocols on de novo malignancies is difficult to ascertain because data have not been specified in most of the clinical experiences.CONCLUSIONThe selected populations of tolerant pediatric and adult liver transplant recipients greatly benefit from immunosuppression weaning. There is still no strong clinical evidence on the usefulness of immunosuppression withdrawal in OLT recipients on malignancies. An interesting focus is represented by the complete reconstitution of the immunological pathways that could help in decreasing the incidence of de novo malignancies and may also help in treating liver transplant patients suffering from cancer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

De novo malignancies after liver transplantation: The effect of immunosuppressionn-personal data and review of literature

Manzia¹,

Angelico²,

Gazia³

et al. 2019

WJG

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“…15,16 They account for almost 40% of malignancies in transplant recipients, and skin tumors (benign and malignant) were reported to develop in up to 50% of Caucasian LT recipients with a SIR >30. 15,16 Notably, approximately two-thirds of the skin cancers occur on partially sun-exposed or sun-protected areas (like genitals), particularly in persons of color. 17 The most reported skin cancers include cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), melanoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Skin cancers are the most common DNM in adult LT recipients. 15,16 They account for almost 40% of malignancies in transplant recipients, and skin tumors (benign and malignant) were reported to develop in up to 50% of Caucasian LT recipients with a SIR >30. 15,16 Notably, approximately two-thirds of the skin cancers occur on partially sun-exposed or sun-protected areas (like genitals), particularly in persons of color.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

De Novo Malignancy After Liver Transplantation: Risk Assessment, Prevention, and Management—Guidelines From the ILTS-SETH Consensus Conference

et al. 2021

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De novo malignancies (DNMs) following liver transplantation (LT) have been reported as 1 of the major causes of late mortality, being the most common cause of death in the second decade after LT. The overall incidence of DNMs is reported to be in the range of 3.1% to 14.4%, and the incidence is 2-to 3-fold higher in transplant recipients than in age-and sex-matched healthy controls. Long-term immunosuppressive therapy, which is the key in maintaining host tolerance and achieving good long-term outcomes, is known to contribute to a higher risk of DNMs. However, the incidence and type of DNM also depends on different risk factors, including patient demographics, cause of the underlying chronic liver disease, behavior (smoking and alcohol abuse), and pre-existing premalignant conditions. The estimated standardized incidence ratio for different DNMs is also variable. The International Liver Transplantation Society-Spanish Society of Liver Transplantation Consensus Conference working group on DNM has summarized and discussed the current available literature on epidemiology, risk factors, management, and survival after DNMs. Recommendations for screening and surveillance for specific tumors, as well as immunosuppression and cancer-specific management in patients with DNM, are summarized. (Transplantation 2022;106: e30-e45).

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“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Furthermore, low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and history of solid organ transplantation have been associated with higher risk of this cancer. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Geographic latitude has been studied as a potential risk factor for developing a melanoma in various regions across the world. However, contradicting results have been reported in several studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7,33,34,[37][38][39][40][41][42] Several studies have significantly contributed to the understanding of the epidemiology and risk factors for CMM in Canada. 9,14,16,18,28,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] We recently reported an extensive analysis of CMM epidemiology in Canada from 1992 to 2010 and highlighted a steady increase in the incidence and mortality of this malignancy in both sexes within the aforementioned time period. 55 Briefly, the most commonly reported specific subtype of CMM in the Canadian population was superficial spreading melanoma, which comprised 37.4% of all CMM cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence, Mortality, and Spatiotemporal Distribution of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Cases Across Canada

Ghazawi

Lagacé

et al. 2019

J Cutan Med Surg

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Background: We recently reported a steady increase in the incidence and mortality of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in Canada during 1992-2010. Objectives: The objective of this article is to examine the distribution of Canadian CMM patients at the level of provinces, cities, and forward sortation area (FSA) postal codes. Methods: Using 3 Canadian population-based registries, we conducted an in-depth examination of the incidence and mortality trends for 72 565 Canadian CMM patients over the period 1992-2010. Results: We found that among 20- to 39-year-olds, the incidence of CMM in women (7.17 per 100 000 individuals) was significantly higher than in men (4.60 per 100 000 individuals per year). Women age 80 years and older had an incidence of CMM (58.46 cases per 100 000 women per year) more than 4 times greater than the national average (12.29 cases per 100 000 population per year) and a corresponding high mortality rate (20.18 deaths per 100 000 women per year), when compared with the Canadian melanoma mortality of 2.4 deaths per 100 000 per year. In other age groups men had higher incidence and corresponding melanoma mortality rates. We also studied CMM incidence by province, city, and FSA postal codes and identified several high-incidence communities that were located near the coast/waterfronts. In addition, plotting latitude measures for cities and FSAs vs CMM incidence rate confirmed the inverse relationship between geographical latitude and incidence of melanoma in Canada (slope = –0.22 ± 0.05). Conclusions: This research may help develop sex-, age- and geographic region-specific recommendations to decrease the future burden of CMM in Canada.

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Incidence of melanoma in organ transplant recipients in Alberta, Canada

Abstract: This is the first Canadian study to investigate the association between organ transplantation and melanoma. Our study did not identify an increased risk of developing a de novo melanoma post-transplant.

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

De novo malignancies after liver transplantation: The effect of immunosuppressionn-personal data and review of literature

De novo malignancies after liver transplantation: The effect of immunosuppressionn-personal data and review of literature

De Novo Malignancy After Liver Transplantation: Risk Assessment, Prevention, and Management—Guidelines From the ILTS-SETH Consensus Conference

Incidence, Mortality, and Spatiotemporal Distribution of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Cases Across Canada

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