Incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among individuals with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Abstract

deaths due to NHL in the United States. 1 The overall incidence rate of NHL is increasing worldwide, especially in developed countries, 2-4 whereas the rate in the United States has been relatively stable during 1995 to 2003. 5 NHL disproportionately affects males and is more common in white non-Hispanics than in other racial or ethnic groups. 5 For the period of 1995 to 2002, the median age of NHL diagnosis in the United States was 67 years. 5 Immune suppression and pesticide/insecticide exposure are thought to be related to NHL development, and there is strong evidence that infections with human T-cell leukemia virus, Epstein-Barr virus, helicobacter pylori, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are involved in the etiology of NHL. 2 Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) 6,7 is a major global public health problem with 50 million people infected per year 8 and more than 350 million people chronically infected worldwide. 9 In the United States, chronic HBV infection is more common in Asians than in other racial-ethnic groups. Among the common sequelae of chronic HBV infection are cirrhosis of the liver 10 and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 11 Given the relationship between chronic HCV infection and NHL, [12][13][14][15][16] an association between HBV infection and NHL is quite plausible. HCV infection is thought to promote the development of NHL by inducing chronic lymphoprolifAbbreviations: HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HFHS, Henry Ford Health System; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; KPMCP, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program; NHL, non-Hodgkins lymphoma; SEER, Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results. From

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, and Effect of Entecavir in Prophylactic Antiviral Therapy

“…Entecavir prophylaxis 3 months vs. Entecavir prophylaxis 6 and more than 6monthins in HBV-infected patients receiving chemotherapy. Several case-control studies had shown that chronic HBV infection increased the risk for development of B-NHL; these results were compatible with those of our study [28] [29]. Moreover, some studies showed that high HBV prevalence was observed not only in B-cell NHL but also in the T-cell NHL group.…”

AIDS-associated plasmablastic lymphoma presenting as a poorly differentiated esophageal tumor: A diagnostic dilemma

“…In contrast, HHV-8 is not consistently associated with PBL, although rare cases have identified HHV-8 in conjunction with HIV infection, PBL and multicentric Castleman's disease [9,15,17,22,23] . Patients with chronic HBV infection are more likely to develop NHLs, but specific cases of PBL have not been documented in this population [24] . The differential diagnosis of PBL may overlap with a variety of other clinicopathologic entities (Table 2).…”

Treatment of synchronous adenocarcinoma and lymphoma of the stomach: A case report

“…The positivity of EBV infection in patients with DLBCL is associated with poorer response to treatment and survival (22). Chronic HBV infection may increase the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) by 3 times, particularly in DLBCL (23,24).…”