Exploration
of the exposure of preconception couples to per- and
polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), as well as the most important influencing
factors, promotes the understanding of the joint effects of parental
exposure on reproductive health. In the present study, a total of
938 preconception couples recruited through the Shanghai Birth Cohort
were investigated for the variations of PFAS exposure and contributing
factors within and between couples. While linear perfluorooctanoic
acid (n-PFOA, median 20.4 ng/mL) and linear perfluorooctanesulfonic
acid (n-PFOS, 12.1 ng/mL) remained dominant in plasma, emerging PFAS,
particularly 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (10.5
ng/mL), 6:2 polyfluoroalkyl phosphate diester (0.41 ng/mL), and branched
PFOS or PFOA isomers, were also frequently detected. Although individual
PFAS were generally correlated within couples, gender differences
significantly existed in the concentrations of most individual PFAS
and isomer profiles of PFOS and PFOA. Men generally exhibited higher
plasma concentrations than their partners, likely reflecting gender-specific
elimination pathway and kinetics. Couple-based PFAS exposure also
varied greatly. After adjustment for individual factors, several household
factors, including annual household income, dwelling floor type, drinking
water source, and living near farmlands, were found to be associated
with couple-based PFAS exposure. Our study constitutes one of the
few studies addressing couple-based exposure to PFAS and lays a solid
ground for further assessment of the impacts of parental exposure
on reproductive health.