Incidence of oral health in paediatric patients with disabilities: Sensory disorders and autism spectrum disorder. Systematic review II

Abstract

IntroductionWe are currently witnessing an increase in the number of disabled patients, creating the need for knowledge of each of the pathologies and of the different oral and dental conditions they present, in order to achieve efficient management and treatment.ObjectivesTo analyse the existing scientific literature on the oral conditions of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children with sensory deficits (SD), in comparison with the healthy child population.Material and MethodsThe bibliographic search was carried out in Pubmed/Medline, Scopus and Cochrane Library and included articles taking a sample of children between 0 and 18 years of age diagnosed with the abovementioned disorders and including at least one of the following oral hygiene conditions - oral hygiene, dental caries, malocclusion, oral habits, dental trauma, and gingival-periodontal status - comparing them with a healthy population.ResultsA total of 10 articles were obtained for autism spectrum disorder and six for sensory deficits.ConclusionsOf all the variables studied, only the state of oral, gingival and/or periodontal hygiene can be considered worse in patients with ASD and SD, although we believe a larger number of research studies is needed to corroborate these results. Key words:Oral health, dental caries, malocclusion, oral habits, dental trauma, oral hygiene, disabled child, autism, autism spectrum disorder, deaf, blind.

Influence of full mouth rehabilitation on oral health‐related quality of life among disabled children

“…It is well demonstrated that oral hygiene causes problems with aesthetics and communication, with solid biological, psychological, and social implications (Emami, de Souza, Kabawat, & Feine, ). Sadly, oral health care ranks among the most ignored health needs of disabled individuals (Bartolome‐Villar, Mourelle‐Martinez, Dieguez‐Perez, & de Nova‐Garcia, ; Dieguez‐Perez, de Nova‐Garcia, Mourelle‐Martinez, & Bartolome‐Villar, ; Roberts, Chetty, Kimmie‐Dhansay, Fieggen, & Stephen, ). Oral health of the disabled could be overlooked due to either the disabilities themselves or more likely to their restricted access to oral health care (Dieguez‐Perez, et al, ; Roberts, et al, ; Jaber, Sayyab, & Abu Fanas, ).…”

Protocolo de Atención Ortodóncica en Pacientes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA)

“…Estas técnicas deben ser individualizadas, teniendo en cuenta no sólo el trastorno del paciente, sino también su nivel, para tener una idea del grado de cooperación a obtener. Además, debemos analizar la patología oral del paciente, ya que la posibilidad de tratamientos largos o complejos nos puede ayudar a seleccionar la técnica más recomendable (Bartolomé-Villar et al, 2016).…”

Dental care for children with autism spectrum disorder

“…These studies found that ASD children tend to have low levels of oral hygiene with an elevated plaque index as well as poor gingival and periodontal conditions. [9][10][11] Oral hygiene is the most influential risk indicator associated with the occurrence of new caries and lesions in children with ASD. 12 Consequently, their prevalence among ASDafflicted children is higher than in those without ASD, although the difference is not significant.…”

“…12 Consequently, their prevalence among ASDafflicted children is higher than in those without ASD, although the difference is not significant. 10,11 Moreover, there is also an increase in the incidence of malocclusion, as well as parafunction or self-harming habits in children with ASD. 10 Various approaches and methods should be attempted to render such children co-operative during dental care procedures.…”

“…10,11 Moreover, there is also an increase in the incidence of malocclusion, as well as parafunction or self-harming habits in children with ASD. 10 Various approaches and methods should be attempted to render such children co-operative during dental care procedures. A number of previous studies have already shown that children with ASD have a tendency to be more less cooperative during dental examinations, for example, being reluctant to open their mouths or rejecting instruments inserted into their oral cavity 9,11 There are actually several behavioural approaches that can be used for ASD children during dental care.…”