Incidence of psyllids and ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ in mandarin orchards at different altitudes in Tsirang, Bhutan

Om, Namgay; Beattie, G. A. C.; Donovan, N. J.; Holford, Paul; Agho, Kingsley

doi:10.1007/s40858-020-00413-1

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Based on [43], temperatures at the highest site could have allowed ~10 annual generations of the psyllid to occur. The average minimum and maximum temperatures at all altitudes along the ridge all lie within the range of monthly temperatures for 18 locations in mainland Asia where D. citri has been recorded [37], the data from the two extremes of which are shown in Fig. 5.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

See 1 more Smart Citation

High Altitudes Limit The Incidence of Huanglongbing snd Its Vector, Diaphorina Citri, in Citrus Orchards

Holford

Donovan

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Citrus fruit are important crops in many regions of the world and are valuable sources of carbohydrates, fibre and health-promoting compounds. Like other crops, production of these fruits is affected by a range of pests and pathogens that can affect the sustainable development of citriculture. The most devastating of these is huanglongbing (HLB), a bacterial disease caused by species of liberibacters, pathogens that are spread by insect vectors. Currently, there is no remedy for HLB, and management relies on the use of disease-free seedlings, the rouging of diseased trees, and pesticides to suppress populations of vectors. Our studies on HLB in Indonesia and Bhutan have shown that citrus grown at higher altitudes (above 1000–1200 m ASL) can remain free from the main vector of the disease, the psyllid Diaphorina citri, despite climatic conditions at these altitudes being favourable for the insect. Thus, sustainable production of citrus at these altitudes without the use of polluting agrochemicals may be possible. However, this would be dependent on the production and use of HLB-free propagation material, strict control on the movement of trees into these areas and the adoption of appropriate agronomic practices for the control of other pests and pathogens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Detection of CLas in plant samples by real-time PCR (rtPCR) used the method of [34] with analysis of the results based on [35]; conventional PCR (cPCR) used the primer pair, A2/J5 of [36] followed by Sanger sequencing. Further details of the methods can be found in [37].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Altitudes Limit The Incidence of Huanglongbing snd Its Vector, Diaphorina Citri, in Citrus Orchards

Holford

Donovan

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…There was a high level of mixed infections, all but one of the positives for HLB tested positive for CTV. The relationship between the natural occurrence of HLB, vectors and environmental conditions in Bhutan showed that the presence of D. citri was the most important factor, moderated by unfavourable environmental conditions and altitude (Om et al 2021).…”

Section: Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus and Vectors (*: See Also R...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A TAS-ELISA for SLCMV detection in southeast Asia has been developed in Thailand and was shown to have 99.6% accuracy and 100% when tested with stem cuttings derived from 490 field samples collected between 2018 and 2019 (Charoenvilaisiri et al 2021). The status of cassava mosaic disease caused by SLCMV in Southeast Asia has been reviewed (Om, et al 2021). Following outbreaks in several countries, systems of healthy seed and distribution networks have been developed, combined with CMD-resistant planting material, although no information was given on the spatial coverage.…”

Section: Cassava Mosaic Viruses and Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Synoptic Review of Plant Disease Epidemics and Outbreaks Published in 2021

Jeger¹,

Fielder²,

Beale³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A synoptic review of plant disease epidemics and outbreaks was made using two complementary approaches. The first approach involved reviewing scientific literature published in 2021, in which quantitative data related to new plant disease epidemics or outbreaks had been obtained via surveys or similar methodologies. The second approach involved retrieving new pest presence records added to the CABI Distribution Database in 2021. The literature review for the first approach had two stages. Stage 1 aimed to identify publications on plant diseases caused by pathogen taxonomic groups and led to retrieval of 99 core articles describing studies in 62 categories (pathogen species or species complexes) across more than 40 host species in 6 continents. In Stage 2, the core articles were augmented with further articles providing more context and information for the pathogen species identified in Stage 1. When both sets of articles were combined, the pathogen species with more than 5 articles were: Bursephalenchus xylophilus, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, cassava mosaic viruses, citrus tristeza virus, Erwinia amylovora, Fusarium spp. complexes, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense, Magnaporthe oryzae, maize lethal necrosis co-infecting viruses, Meloidogyne spp. complexes, Pseudomonas syringae pvs, Puccinia striiformis f.sp tritici, Xylella fastidiosa, and Zymoseptoria tritici. The automated search of the CABI Distribution Database led to 617 new distribution records from 283 plant pathogens in 2021 and was followed by manual review of all pathogens with more than 4 new records, to identify confirmed first reports in a new location. A total of 15 pathogens was identified: apple hammerhead viroid, apple rubbery wood viruses, Aphelenchoides besseyi, Biscogniauxia mediterranea, Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus, citrus tristeza virus, Colletotrichum siamense, cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus, Erwinia rhapontici, Erysiphe corylacearum, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Tropical Race 4, Globodera rostochiensis, Nothophoma quercina, potato spindle tuber viroid, and tomato brown rugose fruit virus. Although 3 very important pathogens – Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus, citrus tristeza virus and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense – were represented in the results of both approaches, in general the two approaches revealed distinct sets of plant disease outbreaks and new records, with little overlap in the results.

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“…All seedlings were removed and transferred to separate cages and maintained under green shade cloth at Baychhu for 40 days before they were transported to the NPPC. Periodic testing for 'CLas' in the mandarin and curry leaf seedlings commenced 75 days after the ATI and sampled two more times during the next 166 days.2.5 | Extraction of DNA from plants and psyllids and detection of 'CLas' by conventional and real-time PCRDNA extractions from plants were performed as perOm et al (2021a). DNA from psyllids was extracted using a Sigma REDExtract-N-Amp™ Plant PCR Kit (Sigma) following the manufacturer's protocol except for modifications of the volumes of extraction and dilution buffers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diaphorina communis: Molecular identification, development on Citrus reticulata, and acquisition and transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’

Beattie

Donovan

et al. 2021

J Applied Entomology

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Many species of psyllids are important pests of agricultural crops (Burckhardt, 1985(Burckhardt, , 1994. Their feeding may cause necroses, galling and malformations of their host plants (Burckhardt, 1994;Markkula & Laurema, 1971;Wallis, 1955). Certain species are also vectors of serious plant pathogens, including bacteria, phytoplasmas and viruses (Munyaneza, 2010). The Asiatic citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is the main vector of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' ('CLas'), the pathogen primarily responsible for the devastating impacts of the severe Asian form of huanglongbing (HLB) on citrus production in Asia and most recently in the Americas

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Incidence of psyllids and ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ in mandarin orchards at different altitudes in Tsirang, Bhutan

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

High Altitudes Limit The Incidence of Huanglongbing snd Its Vector, Diaphorina Citri, in Citrus Orchards

High Altitudes Limit The Incidence of Huanglongbing snd Its Vector, Diaphorina Citri, in Citrus Orchards

A Synoptic Review of Plant Disease Epidemics and Outbreaks Published in 2021

Diaphorina communis: Molecular identification, development on Citrus reticulata, and acquisition and transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’

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