Incidentally detected Gerbode defect in a patient of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Rani, Monu; Nandal, Rajesh; Asija, Mohini; Rajput, Rajesh

doi:10.1136/bcr-2020-235940

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Both shunt blood to the RA during ventricular systole, but differ in the following aspects. Mahajan et al reported that the finding of two separate systolic, bidirectional jets can be used to differentiate an indirect Gerbode defect, presenting with unidirectional shunt flow, from an Eisenmenger VSD with TV regurgitation [ 32 , 39 ]. The origin of the high-velocity jet in the Gerbode defect from the membranous portion of the interventricular septum differs from that of a TV regurgitation originating from the valve [ 1 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the acquisition of symptomatology is not sufficient for a definitive diagnosis of a Gerbode defect, and further investigative techniques, like echocardiography, MRI, CT-A, and catheterization, are required for an accurate assessment of the shunt [ 1 ]. Nevertheless, a detailed patient history, as well as a physical examination, represent a fundamental part of any diagnostic workup and provide a valuable guide for achieving an early diagnosis and planning of interventions to prevent the progression and complications of the disease [ 39 ]. Indicative of the presence of a Gerbode defect is a loud, harsh, grade III-IV holosystolic murmur occurring along the left sternal border in the fourth or fifth intercostal spaces in 92.31% of documented cases suffering from a congenital Gerbode defect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital Gerbode Defect: A Left Ventricular to Right Atrial Shunt—State-of-the-Art Review of Its General Data, Diagnostic Modalities, and Treatment Strategies

Winter,

Strizek,

Recker

2024

JCDD

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The congenital Gerbode defect is defined as an abnormal communication between the left ventricle and the right atrium. This review aimed to summarize existing evidence, shed light on the clinical implications, and identify knowledge gaps. The systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar medical databases using specifically selected keywords. The inclusion of each publication was assessed according to predefined eligibility criteria based on the PICOM (Population, Phenomenon of Interest, Context, Methodology) schema. Titles and abstracts were screened independently by two authors. Available full-text versions of included publications were reviewed and relevant information was extracted. A total of 78 reports were included. The compilation of all congenital Gerbode defect cases described in the literature revealed a variety of clinical presentations comprising dyspnea, palpitations, growth retardation, and asymptomatology. A suitable multimodal diagnostic approach for newborns consists of auscultation, TTE, and optionally TEE and MRI. Because of its rarity, diversity of findings, unknown pathophysiology, and similarity to more common cardiac diseases, the diagnostic challenge remains significant. To prevent untreated long-term sequelae, early individualized treatment is recommended. Surgical defect closure is preferred to device closure for evidence reasons, although major developments are currently taking place. In conclusion, the congenital Gerbode defect provides a diagnostic challenge for pediatricians to allow early diagnosis and intervention in order to improve patients’ quality of life.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Gerbode Defect: A Left Ventricular to Right Atrial Shunt—State-of-the-Art Review of Its General Data, Diagnostic Modalities, and Treatment Strategies

Winter,

Strizek,

Recker

2024

JCDD

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“…The incidental finding of the congenital type of the Gerbode defect was once reported in a diabetic patient who presented with additional symptoms of shortness of breath and fatigue [ 10 ]. As the left-to-right shunt from this lesion may complicate into pulmonary hypertension and potentially heart failure, thorough cardiac evaluations must be made in evaluating patients with signs and symptoms related to these abnormalities and with no prior history of cardiac diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An “Unusual” Diverticulated Appearance in Adult Direct Gerbode Defect: A Case Report

Soetisna

2022

Am J Case Rep

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Patient: Male, 46-year-old Final Diagnosis: Gerbode VSD • tricuspid regurgitation Symptoms: Fatigue • shortness of breath Medication: — Clinical Procedure: De Vega procedure • defect closure Specialty: Cardiac Surgery Objective: Rare disease Background: Gerbode defect is a defect that communicates the left ventricle (LV) to the right atrium (RA). Although it was originally identified as a congenital defect, it is becoming more common accepted that the lesion has either an iatrogenic or non-iatrogenic origin. In this article, the author presents an unusual diverticulated appearance of direct Gerbode defect in an adult patient without any prior history of cardiac pathology and the surgical technique used, hoping to increase awareness of similar cases. Case Report: A 46-year-old man presented with worsening shortness of breath and fatigue for 2 years. The patient’s medical history was only significant for high blood pressure, with no previous cardiac abnormalities. No other metabolic syndrome was identified in this patient. There was no family history of congenital heart disease. Echocardiography showed a Gerbode defect with left-to-right shunt from LV to RA. The author found a diver-ticulated lesion around the area of the Gerbode defect intraoperatively, which raised a suspicion that the diverticulum may have initiated the Gerbode defect. Conclusions: Congenital heart disease is currently one of the most common congenital diseases which require surgical intervention. The vast spectrum of severity in many congenital heart diseases makes the diagnosis and early recognition challenging, so many patients live with the condition undiagnosed until adulthood. Any abnormality which causes left-to-right shunting must be identified as early as possible to prevent further complications such as congestive heart failure.

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Incidentally detected Gerbode defect in a patient of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Congenital Gerbode Defect: A Left Ventricular to Right Atrial Shunt—State-of-the-Art Review of Its General Data, Diagnostic Modalities, and Treatment Strategies

Congenital Gerbode Defect: A Left Ventricular to Right Atrial Shunt—State-of-the-Art Review of Its General Data, Diagnostic Modalities, and Treatment Strategies

An “Unusual” Diverticulated Appearance in Adult Direct Gerbode Defect: A Case Report

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