No abstract

Non-compaction of ventricular myocardium is a rare cardiomyopathy involving an early arrest of normal compaction of myocardium during fetal ontogenesis. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a hereditary nephropathy characterised by multiple renal cysts replacing the renal parenchyma and extrarenal manifestations. Here, we report a case of 65-year-old man, chronic smoker, presented with sudden onset right brachial monoparesis, exertional dyspnoea, orthopnoea, bipedal swelling and diagnosed as a case of ADPKD with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy with acute left ventricular failure and cardiogenic cerebral embolism (no evidence of atrial fibrillation); based on characteristic appearance on two-dimensional echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance. The patient was managed with guideline-directed pharmacotherapy for heart failure and anticoagulation as a secondary stroke prevention measure. Through this case report, we try to discuss the association between two rare entities and individualisation of treatment options available as a case-based approach, as no standard treatment guidelines are available.

A 41-year-old man presented with vomiting and loose stools. He had a history of long-term intermittent fever, generalised skin hyperpigmentation, dragging sensation in the left hypochondrium and unintentional weight loss. He was receiving combination antiretroviral therapy since 2010 for HIV infection. He also received antitubercular therapy for tuberculous spondylitis. During the hospital stay, he was found to have postural hypotension, hypoglycaemia, hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia, pancytopenia, hypothyroidism, hyperglobulinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia with reversal of serum albumin/globulin ratio. The morning plasma cortisol was lower than normal and could not be appropriately stimulated after the Synacthen test. The bone marrow histopathology was suggestive of visceral leishmaniasis. He was diagnosed as a case of visceral leishmaniasis and HIV coinfection with primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease) and primary hypothyroidism, as a rare and unusual presentation.

Context: The delayed growth of a child is a major cause of concern for the parents. There is a multitude of etiological factors which must be considered in relation to this common aspect of healthcare. Aim: The study was done to evaluate the etiological profile of short stature in children and adolescents. Settings and Design: The cross-sectional study was conducted for 12 months including 111 cases of short stature (out of the 1,058 cases screened), at the endocrinology outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care institute in Haryana. Subjects and Methods: As per the inclusion criteria, cases with age <18 years were enrolled. The examination and anthropometric measurements were performed in the presence of parents/guardians. Results: Out of the 1,058 cases screened; 111 cases of short stature were recruited as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The prevalence was about 10.49% of the total population. The mean age of the sample was 12.34 ± 3.19 years. The endocrine causes were the most common followed by normal variants of growth and delay, chronic systemic illness, and nutritional and skeletal causes. Among the endocrine causes, hypothyroidism was the most common followed by growth hormone deficiency and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Conclusions: The mean chronological age of 12.34 ± 3.19 years suggests the delayed detection of short stature in the population. This highlights the importance of educating parents so that timely therapeutic intervention can be done to achieve the potential height.

This study was aimed at comparing the variables like Body mass index (BMI), WaistHip ratio (WHR) and Lipid profile in normotensive and hypertensive males. The age group of the subjects were between 35-65 years. The objectives of doing this study are as follows:A) To measure the following parameters among the hypertensive and Normotensive males. To compare the values of the above mentioned parameters in hypertensive males with that of age matched normotensive males The present case-control study was carried out in 60 hypertensive males and 60 normotensive males. The subjects were selected from the general population of town area. Maximum males belonged to middle socioeconomic class. The subjects were between the age of 35-65 years. The mean duration of history of hypertension was 4.15 ± 1.30 years. All the subjects were free from cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular accidents, diabetes and any other illness or complications. CONCLUSION:1. There is increase in BMI in both groups suggestive of that obesity acts as a risk factor for hypertension. 2. There is increase in WHR in both groups suggestive of that central obesity in particular is associated with hypertension. 3. There is increase in Total cholesterol level, Triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol levels, Total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio in hypertension suggestive of dyslipidemia is also a risk factor associated with hypertension 4. Effective control of Hypertension both by Non pharmacological and pharmacological method will reduce the incidence of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal complications.5) Hence for the prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular complications, health education regarding lifestyle modifications have to be done in the population.