Inclined solar still designs: A review

Kaviti, Ajay Kumar; Yadav, Akhilesh; Shukla, Amit

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.027

Cited by 129 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…In this work, we report an efficient carbon‐based solar vapor generation system based on carbon‐coated paper (CP) affixed to expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam. Due to the superior absorption, heat conversion, and insulating properties of our CP‐foam structure, most of the absorbed energy can be used to evaporate surface water with significantly reduced thermal dissipation compared with previously reported architectures . Remarkably, we realized a record solar thermal conversion efficiency of >88% under illumination of 1 kW m −2 with no solar concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Extremely Cost‐Effective and Efficient Solar Vapor Generation under Nonconcentrated Illumination Using Thermally Isolated Black Paper

et al. 2017

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Passive solar vapor generation represents a promising and environmentally benign method of water purification/desalination. However, conventional solar steam generation techniques usually rely on costly and cumbersome optical concentration systems and have relatively low efficiency due to bulk heating of the entire liquid volume. Here, an efficient strategy using extremely low‐cost materials, i.e., carbon black (powder), hydrophilic porous paper, and expanded polystyrene foam is reported. Due to the excellent thermal insulation between the surface liquid and the bulk volume of the water and the suppressed radiative and convective losses from the absorber surface to the adjacent heated vapor, a record thermal efficiency of ≈88% is obtained under 1 sun without concentration, corresponding to the evaporation rate of 1.28 kg (m2 h)−1. When scaled up to a 100 cm2 array in a portable solar water still system and placed in an outdoor environment, the freshwater generation rate is 2.4 times of that of a leading commercial product. By simultaneously addressing both the need for high‐efficiency operation as well as production cost limitations, this system can provide an approach for individuals to purify water for personal needs, which is particularly suitable for undeveloped regions with limited/no access to electricity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Extremely Cost‐Effective and Efficient Solar Vapor Generation under Nonconcentrated Illumination Using Thermally Isolated Black Paper

et al. 2017

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“…The evaporation rate was faster than the simple type of solar still because wick causes increase in surface area and thus increases the productivity. The efficiency was increased up to 78% in wick basin [22]. 3) Effect of condenser, salinityand water mass flow rateOmara et al (2014) experimentally showed the effect of condenser and reflector on stepped solar still.…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 98%

Recent Advancements In Stepped Solar Still & Its Performance Parameters

Malik¹

2017

IJRASET

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Solar distillation is a simple technique to get fresh and pure water. Different designs of solar distillation has been studied in different regions of the world. Stepped basin type solar still is an efficient design in which flat basin of conventional solar still is replaced with stepped tray basin. Different types of design, operational and climatic parameters of stepped solar still has been studied in this review paper. Stepped solar still with 5mm water depth and 120mm tray width resulted optimum design parameter. Stepped basin solar still with the combination of solar collector, hot water tank, internal and external reflector and condenser resulted higher yield which is sufficient to fullfill the small family need. The performance of stepped solar still can be highly improvedwith the use of energy storage material, additives, sponges etc. Climatic parameter like solar radiation, wind speed and ambient temperature also effect the productivity of stepped solar still. Higher wind speed decreases the temperature difference between the glass cover and basin water temperature and thus increases the productivity. Keywords: solar still, stepped solar still, performance parameters, weir design I.INTRODUCTION Water is the basic necessity of every human being that lives on earth. Fresh water is available in rivers, lakes and underground water reservoirs. About 71% of the earth surface is covered with water, of which 96.5% is found in ocean, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and ice caps and 0.01% in the air as vapors and clouds. Only 2.5% of the earth water is drinkable water. Human that living on earth requires nearly 30-50 L/day of potable water for drinking and cooking purpose. But the availability of fresh water from the natural water resources is shrinking day by day due to rapid growth of population, water pollution and poor water management. Contaminated water always contains some harmful bacteria, viruses, dissolved and undisclosed materials, chemical and physical contaminants which causes serious damage to health on consumption [1][2][3]. There are different kind of purification methods suchas sedimentation, filtration, and distillation etc. which are used to get pure water from the contaminated water. There are also some biological(slow sand filters or biologically activecarbon), chemical (flocculation and chlorination) and electromagnetic processes (ultraviolet light) that are used for extraction of fresh water. The industrial desalination methods which involve either phase change phenomenon or semi-permeable membranes for extraction of pure water are namely, multiple effect desalination, multi stage flash desalination, thermal vapour compression, mechanical vapour compression etc. These conventional methods of producing fresh water are highly energy consuming and required heat in the form of mechanical or electrical work. Solar desalination seems to be the economical and viable techniques of purifying the saline water [4].

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“…The glass inclination angle is a design parameter of the solar still that influences the productivity from a solar still Kaviti et al (2016). The increase in the still inclination produces a higher surface area and a thin water surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Enhancement of Solar Still by Using Reflectors-Jute Cloth-Improved Glass Angle

Sahoo

Subudhi²

2019

Jou. Eng. Res.

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This paper is aimed to improve the productivity of an existing conventional single slope solar still with modifications. In this study, the conventional solar still is modified by using reflectors, jute cloth and improved glass angle. The modified still productivity and performance are investigated experimentally and compared to that of conventional solar still. The results demonstrated that solar still performance is improved with the 10o glass angle due to better water flow properties and higher solar radiation fall on the still. The results reveal that, with all combined modifications, the water productivity and efficiency of modified solar still increase by 72.18% and 41.51% respectively more than the conventional one. This implies that modified solar still could be adopted for higher water productivity at a lower additional cost.

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Inclined solar still designs: A review

Cited by 129 publications

References 127 publications

Extremely Cost‐Effective and Efficient Solar Vapor Generation under Nonconcentrated Illumination Using Thermally Isolated Black Paper

Extremely Cost‐Effective and Efficient Solar Vapor Generation under Nonconcentrated Illumination Using Thermally Isolated Black Paper

Recent Advancements In Stepped Solar Still & Its Performance Parameters

Performance Enhancement of Solar Still by Using Reflectors-Jute Cloth-Improved Glass Angle

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