Including the dynamic relationship between climatic variables and leaf area index in a hydrological model to improve streamflow prediction under a changing climate

Tesemma, Zelalem; Wei, Yongping; Peel, Murray C.; Western, Andrew W.

doi:10.5194/hess-19-2821-2015

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This finding is similar to that of a study by Breda et al [80], where E T is not correlated with DBH, but more related to LAI. Furthermore, Granier et al [81] found that a reduction in LAI was associated with a decrease in E T in open stands as a result of the reduction of the transpiring canopy surface, and that it was not associated with a decrease of total E. Other studies have also determined that changes in LAI could alter E partitioning in E G and E T by regulating the ratio between area covered by the canopy and stands opening [82][83][84][85].…”

Section: E T /E At the Seasonal Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamics of Transpiration to Evapotranspiration Ratio under Wet and Dry Canopy Conditions in a Humid Boreal Forest

Hadiwijaya

Pépin

Isabelle

et al. 2020

Forests

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Humid boreal forests are unique environments characterized by a cold climate, abundant precipitation, and high evapotranspiration. Transpiration ( E T ), as a component of evapotranspiration (E), behaves differently under wet and dry canopy conditions, yet very few studies have focused on the dynamics of transpiration to evapotranspiration ratio ( E T / E ) under transient canopy wetness states. This study presents field measurements of E T / E at the Montmorency Forest, Québec, Canada: a balsam fir boreal forest that receives ∼ 1600 mm of precipitation annually (continental subarctic climate; Köppen classification subtype Dfc). Half-hourly observations of E and E T were obtained over two growing seasons using eddy-covariance and sap flow (Granier’s constant thermal dissipation) methods, respectively, under wet and dry canopy conditions. A series of calibration experiments were performed for sap flow, resulting in species-specific calibration coefficients that increased estimates of sap flux density by 34 % ± 8 % , compared to Granier’s original coefficients. The uncertainties associated with the scaling of sap flow measurements to stand E T , especially circumferential and spatial variations, were also quantified. From 30 wetting–drying events recorded during the measurement period in summer 2018, variations in E T / E were analyzed under different stages of canopy wetness. A combination of low evaporative demand and the presence of water on the canopy from the rainfall led to small E T / E . During two growing seasons, the average E T / E ranged from 35 % ± 2 % to 47 % ± 3 % . The change in total precipitation was not the main driver of seasonal E T / E variation, therefore it is important to analyze the impact of rainfall at half-hourly intervals.

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Section: E T /E At the Seasonal Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamics of Transpiration to Evapotranspiration Ratio under Wet and Dry Canopy Conditions in a Humid Boreal Forest

Hadiwijaya

Pépin

Isabelle

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…Several studies have documented that VIC soil moisture simulation is strongly sensitive to how vegetation cover [Ford and Quiring, 2013;Tesemma et al, 2015] and soil properties [Billah and Goodall, 2012;Ford and Quiring, 2013;Lee et al, 2011;Liang et al, 1996;Lohmann et al, 1998b] are…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward improved parameterization of a macro-scale hydrologic model in a discontinuous permafrost boreal forest ecosystem

Endalamaw¹,

Bolton²,

Young‐Robertson³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Modeling hydrological processes in the Alaskan sub-arctic is challenging because of the extreme spatial heterogeneity in soil properties and vegetation communities. However, modeling and predicting hydrological processes is critical in this region due to its vulnerability to the effects of climate change. Coarse spatial resolution datasets used in land surface modeling poised a new challenge in simulating the spatially distributed and basin integrated processes since these datasets do not adequately represent the small-scale hydrologic, thermal and ecological heterogeneity. The goal of this study is to improve the prediction capacity of meso-scale to large-scale hydrological models by introducing a small-scale parameterization scheme, which better represents the spatial heterogeneity of soil properties and vegetation cover in the Alaskan sub-arctic. The small-scale parameterization schemes are derived from observations and fine resolution landscape modeling in the two contrasting sub-basins of the Caribou Poker Creek Research Watershed (CPCRW) in Interior Alaska: one nearly permafrost-free (LowP) and one that is permafrost-dominated (HighP). The fine resolution landscape model used in the small-scale parameterization scheme is derived from the watershed topography. We found that observed soil thermal and hydraulic properties – including the distribution of permafrost and vegetation cover heterogeneity – are better represented in the fine resolution landscape model than the coarse resolution datasets. Parameters derived from coarse resolution dataset and from the fine resolution landscape model are implemented into the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) meso-scale hydrological model to simulate runoff, evapotranspiration (ET) and soil moisture in the two sub-basins of the CPCRW. Simulated hydrographs based on the small-scale parameterization capture most of the peak and low flows with similar accuracy in both sub-basins compared to the parameterization based on coarse resolution dataset. On average, small-scale parameterization improves the total runoff simulation approximately by up to 50 % in the LowP sub-basin and 10 % in the HighP sub-basin from the large-scale parameterization. This study shows that the proposed small-scale landscape model can be used to improve the performance of meso-scale hydrological models in the Alaskan sub-arctic watersheds.

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“…Thus, areas of heavily managed forests in the lowlands tend to have lower LAIs and ET SUM to P ratios than less disturbed areas at higher elevations. Note that relatively few river basin scale hydrologic simulation models account for management or climate‐related variation in LAI (e.g., Tesemma, Wei, Peel, & Western, ). Here, we estimated LAI indirectly by way of stand age, but both satellite and airborne remote sensing have potential for mapping LAI (Livneh et al, ) and could be used to specify initial conditions for basin‐scale hydrology models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing mechanisms of climate change impact on the upland forest water balance of the Willamette River Basin, Oregon

Turner

Conklin²,

Vaché

et al. 2016

Ecohydrology

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Projected changes in air temperature, precipitation, and vapor pressure for the Willamette River Basin (Oregon, USA) over the next century will have significant impacts on the river basin water balance, notably on the amount of evapotranspiration (ET). Mechanisms of impact on ET will be both direct and indirect, but there is limited understanding of their absolute and relative magnitudes. Here, we developed a spatially explicit, daily time‐step, modeling infrastructure to simulate the basin‐wide water balance that accounts for meteorological influences, as well as effects mediated by changing vegetation cover type, leaf area, and ecophysiology. Three CMIP5 climate scenarios (Lowclim, Reference, and HighClim) were run for the 2010–2100 period. Besides warmer temperatures, the climate scenarios were characterized by wetter winters and increasing vapor pressure deficits. In the mid‐range Reference scenario, our landscape simulation model (Envision) projected a continuation of forest cover on the uplands but a threefold increase in area burned per year. A decline (12–30%) in basin‐wide mean leaf area index (LAI) in forests was projected in all scenarios. The lower LAIs drove a corresponding decline in ET. In a sensitivity test, the effect of increasing CO2 on stomatal conductance induced a further substantial decrease (11–18%) in basin‐wide mean ET. The net effect of decreases in ET and increases in winter precipitation was an increase in annual streamflow. These results support the inclusion of changes in land cover, land use, LAI, and ecophysiology in efforts to anticipate impacts of climate change on basin‐scale water balances.

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Including the dynamic relationship between climatic variables and leaf area index in a hydrological model to improve streamflow prediction under a changing climate

Cited by 26 publications

References 69 publications

The Dynamics of Transpiration to Evapotranspiration Ratio under Wet and Dry Canopy Conditions in a Humid Boreal Forest

The Dynamics of Transpiration to Evapotranspiration Ratio under Wet and Dry Canopy Conditions in a Humid Boreal Forest

Toward improved parameterization of a macro-scale hydrologic model in a discontinuous permafrost boreal forest ecosystem

Assessing mechanisms of climate change impact on the upland forest water balance of the Willamette River Basin, Oregon

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