Inclusion with Nature: The Psychology Of Human-Nature Relations

Schultz, P. Wesley

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0995-0_4

Cited by 762 publications

(920 citation statements)

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“…É preciso destacar que do ponto de vista da Psicologia a conexão com a natureza pode ser entendida a partir de três dimensões: cognitiva, afetiva e comportamental (Schultz, 2002). Embora a diferença entre cada uma seja tênue, faz-se necessário considerar suas particularidades.…”

Section: Panorama Dos Estudos Na áReaunclassified

“…Embora a diferença entre cada uma seja tênue, faz-se necessário considerar suas particularidades. A dimensão cognitiva destaca a representação do self frente à natureza, indicando o quanto o indivíduo acredita que é parte dela ou o quanto percebe que ela é parte de si (Schultz, 2001(Schultz, , 2002. A dimensão afetiva destaca o sentimento de intimidade, familiaridade e aproximação com a natureza.…”

Section: Panorama Dos Estudos Na áReaunclassified

“…Nesta direção, estudos baseados em argumentos de ecólogos e ecopsicólogos começaram a enfatizar o afeto como componente para o entendimento desse tipo de comportamento (Schultz, 2002). Esse desenvolvimento ratificou a necessidade de pesquisas sobre a conexão com a natureza, definida por Mayer e Frantz (2004) como um traço individual que corresponde ao sentimento de conexão emocional com o mundo natural, ou seja, que indica o quanto o indivíduo sente que faz parte desse mundo.…”

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“…Estudos apontam que essa conexão, além de indicar relações substanciais com outros aspectos psicossociais importantes para a conduta humana, como o bem-estar subjetivo (Mayer & Frantz, 2004) e os valores humanos (Pessoa, 2011), é capaz de incentivar e auxiliar na manutenção do padrão comportamental frente à natureza e seus recursos (Gosling & Williams, 2010;Schultz, 2002). Dessa forma, é possível considerar a conexão com a natureza como uma temática útil em estudos interessados na explicação e na promoção de uma relação saudável entre o ser humano e o meio ambiente.…”

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“…Para tanto, especialistas na temática têm desenvolvido métodos e medidas apropriados para a observação e avaliação da conexão com a natureza (Cervinka, Röderer, & Hefler, 2012;Mayer & Frantz, 2004;Schultz, 2001Schultz, , 2002, o que é um passo fundamental no sentido de estimar o quanto as pessoas estão envolvidas e em que medida isso pode repercutir em suas vidas.…”

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Escala de conexão com a natureza: evidências psicométricas no contexto brasileiro

Pessoa

Gouveia

Soares

et al. 2016

Estud. psicol. (Campinas)

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ResumoEste artigo objetivou reunir evidências de validade e precisão da Connectedness to Nature Scale no contexto brasileiro. Dois estudos foram realizados. No Estudo 1, participaram 204 pessoas com idade média de 33 anos (Desvio-Padrão = 13,83), as quais responderam a referida escala e perguntas demográficas. Os resultados de uma análise de componentes principais indicaram uma estrutura unifatorial (α = 0,81). No Estudo 2, participaram 220 estudantes universitários com idade média de 23 anos (Desvio-Padrão = 5,82), os quais responderam a escala adaptada e perguntas demográficas. Uma análise fatorial confirmatória (estimador ML) confirmou a adequação da estrutura unifatorial (e.g., Comparative Fit Index = 0,91, Root-Mean-Square Error of Approximation = 0,064), obtendo consistência interna satisfatória (α = 0,83). Concluindo, a Connectedness to Nature Scale mostrou ser uma medida psicometricamente adequada para avaliar um fator geral de conexão com a natureza, podendo ser empregada em estudos futuros. Palavras

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Escala de conexão com a natureza: evidências psicométricas no contexto brasileiro

Pessoa

Gouveia

Soares

et al. 2016

Estud. psicol. (Campinas)

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Environmental Psychology

Gifford

Steg

Reser³

2011

IAAP Handbook of Applied Psychology

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Environmental psychology is the study of transactions between individuals and their physical settings (Gifford, 2007a). In these transactions, individuals change their environments, and their behavior and experiences are changed by their environments. It includes theory, research, and practice aimed at making the built environment more humane and improving human relations with the natural environment. Considering the enormous investment society makes in the physical environment (including buildings, parks, streets, the atmosphere, and water) and the huge cost of misusing nature and natural resources, environmental psychology is a key component of both human and environmental welfare.Environmental psychologists work at three levels of analysis: (a) fundamental psychological processes like perception of the environment, spatial cognition, and personality as they filter and structure human experience and behavior, (b) the management of social space: personal space, territoriality, crowding, and privacy, and the physical setting aspects of complex everyday behaviors, such as working, learning, living in a residence and community, and (c) human interactions with nature and the role of psychology in climate change (e.g., Gifford, 2008a).The history of environmental psychology has been reviewed elsewhere (see Bechtel & Churchman, 2002, Bell, Greene, Fisher, & Baum, 2001, and Gifford, 2007a. But, for perspective, we note that early 20th century psychologists studied the effect of noise (United States) and heat (England) on work performance, while scholars in Germany and Japan explored concepts and moral philosophy related to environmental psychology. By mid-century, environmental psychology was a clearly established discipline with work on topics such as sensory isolation, personal space, and building design. Journals devoted to the field were established; the most prominent of these are the Journal of Environmental Psychology and Environment and Behavior.

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Travel medicine meets conservation medicine in St. Kitts: Disinhibition, cognitive‐affective inconsistency, and disease risk among vacationers around green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus)

Muehlenbein

Dore

Gassen

et al. 2021

American J Primatol

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Despite concern about environmental protection, travelers often underestimate the contribution they may have to disease transmission to other species, as well as the risk of becoming infected themselves. Tourists in general tend to accept more physical risks when traveling than when at home, and much of this can be blamed on the temporary loss of situational awareness and loss of inhibition with a corresponding relaxed attitude toward safety. To better understand environmental attitudes and travel health knowledge and behaviors, a detailed survey of adult tourists was distributed on the island of St. Kitts, home to many green monkeys. Data from 1097 respondents were collected at two locations where cruise ship passengers typically visit the island. Results revealed that even though individuals with more positive environmental attitudes were more willing to take steps to mitigate tourism‐related disease transmission, they were also more likely to report wanting to touch or feed a monkey/ape. Similarly, those more willing to prevent the spread of diseases (e.g., wear a mask and report any illnesses to park authorities) were actually more likely to want to touch or feed a monkey/ape. The human desire for physical contact with other species may be partly the result of biophilia, emotionally arousing events (like contact with exotic species) that can lead to further disinhibition, and social media platforms that provide opportunities for exhibitionism. The attitude‐behavior incongruency identified here may also be explained through cognitive‐affective inconsistency: environmentally‐oriented individuals believe that it is prudent to take steps to prevent zoonotic disease transmission but also desire to touch or feed exotic species as it may be emotionally rewarding. Individuals for whom physically interacting with monkeys/apes may be emotionally rewarding may not alter their behavior in response to cognitive means of persuasion; techniques aimed at appealing to emotions may be more effective.

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Inclusion with Nature: The Psychology Of Human-Nature Relations

Cited by 762 publications

References 32 publications

Escala de conexão com a natureza: evidências psicométricas no contexto brasileiro

Escala de conexão com a natureza: evidências psicométricas no contexto brasileiro

Environmental Psychology

Travel medicine meets conservation medicine in St. Kitts: Disinhibition, cognitive‐affective inconsistency, and disease risk among vacationers around green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus)

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