Income inequality and CO2 emissions: nonlinear evidence from Turkey

Öztürk, Salih; Çetin, Murat; Demir, Harun

doi:10.1007/s10668-021-01922-y

Cited by 49 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Similarly, other time series studies found significant socio-economic indicators exacerbating environmental degradation. Amongst such are Pakistan (Rehman et al, 2022b ), Saudi Arabia (Ozturk et al 2022a ), Turkey (Ozturk et al 2022b ), and China (Zhou et al 2022 ) to mention a few.…”

Section: Review Of Extant Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Does globalization and energy usage influence carbon emissions in South Asia? An empirical revisit of the debate

Adeleye

Akam

Inuwa

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13 agenda hinges on attaining a sustainable environment with the need to “take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts”. Hence, this study empirically revisits the debate on the effect of nonrenewable energy and globalization on carbon emissions within the framework of the Kuznets hypothesis using an unbalanced panel data from seven South Asian countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) covering 1980–2019. The variables of interest are carbon emissions measured in metric tons per capita, energy use measured as kg of oil equivalent per capita, and globalization index. To address five main objectives, we deploy four techniques: panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE), feasible generalized least squares (FGLS), quantile regression (QR), and fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS). For the most part, the findings reveal that the (1) inverted U-shaped energy-Kuznets curve holds; (2) U-shaped globalization-Kuznets curve is evident; (3) inverted U-shaped turning points for nonrenewable energy are 496.03 and 640.84, while for globalization are 38.83 and 39.04, respectively; (4) globalization-emission relationship indicates a U-shaped relationship at the median and 75th quantile; and (5) inverted U-shaped energy-Kuznets holds in Pakistan but a U-shaped nexus prevails in Nepal and Sri Lanka; inverted U-shaped globalization-Kuznets holds in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, but U-shaped nexus is evident in Bhutan, Maldives, and Nepal. Deductively, our results show that South Asia countries (at early stage of development) are faced with the hazardous substance that deteriorates human health. Moreover, the non-linear square term of the nonrenewable energy-emissions relationship is negative, which validates the inverted U-shaped EKC theory. Overall, the effect of energy and globalization on carbon emissions is opposite while the consistency at the 75th quantile result indicates that countries with intense globalization are prone to environmental degradation.

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Section: Review Of Extant Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Does globalization and energy usage influence carbon emissions in South Asia? An empirical revisit of the debate

Adeleye

Akam

Inuwa

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…It is argued by Panayotou (1993) that once a particular economic growth level has been attained, the environmental quality level starts to increase by reducing pollution, whereas the increased economic growth in the initial stage may deteriorate the environment, which is called EKC. Moreover, the role of economic growth in the environmental degradation function is undeniable in the literature (Cetin et al, 2015;Cetin et al, 2018;Çetin et al, 2022;Çetin & Ecevit, 2015;Ozturk et al, 2022).…”

Section: Economic Growth and Environmental Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nexus between eco‐friendly technology and environmental degradation in India: Does the N or inverted N‐shape load capacity curve(LCC) hypothesis hold?

Huang

Villanthenkodath

Haseeb

2023

Natural Resources Forum

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This study aims to investigate the impact of eco‐friendly technology on environmental degradation indicated using the load capacity factor (LCF) with the framework of the Load Capacity Curve (LCC) hypothesis. In this regard, an environmental degradation function is formed and analyzed using the Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (AARDL) approach during the period spanning from 1975 to 2021 for India. The outcome indicates that eco‐friendly technology reduces the LCF, thereby fostering environmental degradation in the long run, but the relationship is not significant in the short run. Further, an N‐shaped LCC hypothesis has been observed in both long and short runs. Besides, energy consumption exhibits a LCF reducing or environmental degradation boosting role in the short run and long run. These findings are consistent with other models that are used to check the robustness of AARDL‐based results. Thus, the study recommends policies for promoting eco‐friendly technology, judicious economic growth, and cautious energy consumption to attain sustainable development by increasing the LCF in India.

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“…Many empirical studies analyze the determinants of environmental quality (Cetin 2016 ; Cetin et al 2018a ; Chien et al 2021a , 2022 ; Sun et al 2021 , 2022 ; Farooq et al 2021 ; Anwar et al 2021a , b , 2022a , b ; Habiba et al 2022 ; Çetin et al 2022 ; Liu et al 2022 ). Recent studies have focused on various determinants of environmental quality such as renewable energy (Sharif et al 2020 ), tourism (Wangzhou et al 2022 ), natural resources (Safdar et al 2022 ), political instability (Sohail et al 2022 ), globalization (Karaduman 2022 ), income inequality (Ozturk et al 2021 ), insurance sector (Li et al 2022 ), agriculture sector (Çetin et al 2020 ), information and communication technology (Chien et al 2021b ), urbanization (Cetin et al 2018b ). However, an overarching analysis is of essence regarding the determinants of environmental sustainability.…”

Section: Empirical Literature Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental quality and health expenditures efficiency in Türkiye: the role of natural resources

Saygın

Demir

Karaduman

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

Self Cite

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The environmental pollution caused by climate change and global warming pose significant risks to health. This raises the question how environmental disturbances can affect health expenditures. Based on this, this study examines the asymmetric effect of environmental quality on health expenditures in Türkiye using the non-linear ARDL (NARDL) model for the 1975–2019 period. In addition to environmental quality, natural resources, economic growth, and trade openness variables are also included in the health expenditure model. The findings support the existence of an asymmetric cointegration relationship between the series. The findings also indicate that positive environmental pollution shocks affect health expenditures positively in the long run, while negative environmental pollution shocks do not have a statistically significant effect on health expenditures. Positive and negative natural resource shocks affect health expenditures negatively in the long run. Despite the effect of positive economic growth shocks on health expenditures is positive but statistically insignificant, the effect of negative economic growth shocks is positive and significant. Besides, positive trade openness shocks have a negative effect on health expenditures and negative trade openness shocks have a positive effect. The findings prove that the steps to be taken to protect the environment in the current period will increase the effectiveness of health expenditures in the future. This situation has a guiding feature for policy-makers in terms of policy decisions.

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Income inequality and CO2 emissions: nonlinear evidence from Turkey

Cited by 49 publications

References 71 publications

Does globalization and energy usage influence carbon emissions in South Asia? An empirical revisit of the debate

Does globalization and energy usage influence carbon emissions in South Asia? An empirical revisit of the debate

The nexus between eco‐friendly technology and environmental degradation in India: Does the N or inverted N‐shape load capacity curve(LCC) hypothesis hold?

Environmental quality and health expenditures efficiency in Türkiye: the role of natural resources

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