Incomplete Schiff Shielding of Nuclear Electric Dipole Moment in Ionic Atom

Extension of the Schiff theorem to ions and molecules

“…It might be possible however to observe the nuclear EDM in ions, where it is screened incompletely (see e.g. [21][22][23]). The first nonvanishing terms which survive the screening in neutral systems are the Schiff moment which was defined in Ref.…”

Electric dipole moments of neutron-odd nuclei

“…Here, ψ n denotes the atomic wavefunction. Now, one can easily see that this Schiff theorem cannot hold for the nuclear EDM in a hydrogen-like atom with Z different from unity [18]. This is clear since the proof is based on the Coulomb field for the electron, but the electric field on the nuclear charge is produced by electron, and this is different from the A 0 (r) potential.…”

“…In the past several years, the theoretical investigation of the nuclear EDM in neutral atomic systems has been quite intensive [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. By now, it has been clarified that the extraction of the neutron EDM from the neutral atomic system is almost impossible due to the electron shielding mechanism, which is quite a general physical process in all neutral systems, even though there are some works on the neutron EDM, which may originate from the T-violating nucleon-nucleon interactions [19,20].…”

“…However, a recent study indicates that the EDM of ionic systems can be directly related to the neutron EDM with some reduction factors [16][17][18]. In this case, the electron shielding mechanism becomes incomplete [21], and thus, the EDM of ions can be described by the neutron EDM without any further complications.…”

Shell model estimate of electric dipole moments in medium and heavy nuclei

“…Recently, it was reported that the nuclear EDM would be measured directly by using an ionic atom instead of a neutral atom [6,7]. The nuclear EDM is induced mainly by two different sources of mechanism.…”