The atomic electric dipole moment (EDM) is evaluated by considering the relativistic effects as well as nuclear finite size effects in Xe and Hg atomic systems. Due to Schiff's theorem, the first order perturbation energy of EDM is canceled out by the second order perturbation energy for the point nucleus. The nuclear finite size effects arising from the intermediate atomic excitations may be finite for deformed nucleus but it is extremely small. The finite size contribution of the intermediate nuclear excitations in the second order perturbation energy is completely canceled by the third order perturbation energy. As the results, the finite contribution to the atomic EDM comes from the first order perturbation energy of relativistic effects, and it amounts to around 0.3 and 0.4 percents of the neutron EDM d n for Xe and Hg, respectively, though the calculations are carried out with a simplified single-particle nuclear model. From this relation in Hg atomic system, we can extract the neutron EDM which is found to be just comparable with the direct neutron EDM measurement.

Recent investigations show that the second-order perturbation calculations of electric dipole moments (EDM) from the finite nuclear size as well as the relativistic effects are all canceled out by the third-order perturbation effects and that this is due to electron screening. To derive the nucleon EDM from the nucleus, we propose to measure the EDM of an ionic system. In this case, it is shown that the nucleon EDM can survive by the reduction factor of 1/Z for the ionic system with one electron stripped off.I. Introduction. It is well known that the electric dipole moments (EDM) of the point nucleus can be completely canceled out because of Schiff's theorem [1,2]. In addition, the EDM of the nucleus with the finite size effects can be also canceled out by electron screening [3,4]. In electron screening, the second-order perturbation calculation is canceled out by the third-order perturbation estimation because of the difference in perturbative interactions between the nucleus and the electrons. That is, like in perturbation theory, the EDM interaction is always the first order in the EDM coupling constant, and in third-order perturbation calculations electron screening can become as large as the second-order effects of the nucleon EDM; therefore they can cancel each other out. This suggests that there is no way to measure any nucleon EDM in the neutral atomic systems.However, there may well be some claim that nuclear EDM can be extracted from Schiff moments [5,6] using theoretical EDM calculations [7]. As we explain later, the physics of the Schiff moments originates from the EDM interactions between nucleons and atomic electrons, and the EDM energy can be obtained from the intermediate atomic excitation. However, the nucleon EDM from the Schiff moments vanishes when the nuclear state is in the s state, and if it is in the p state, the nuclear EDM d A is suppressed as d A 10 −6 d n . Therefore, it is practically impossible to extract any nuclear EDM from Schiff moments.Here, we first show that the nucleon EDM arising from any kind of nuclear EDM interactions is completely canceled out. In fact, the nuclear operator Z i

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The nucleon EDM is shown to be directly related to the EDM of atomic systems. From the observed EDM values of the atomic Hg system, the neutron EDM can be extracted, which gives a very stringent constraint on the supersymmetry parameters. It is also shown that the measurement of Nitrogen and Thallium atomic systems should provide important information on the flavor dependence of the quark EDM. We perform numerical analyses on the EDM of neutron, proton and electron in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with CP-violating phases. We demonstrate that the new limit on the neutron EDM extracted from atomic systems excludes a wide parameter region of supersymmetry breaking masses above 1 TeV, while the old limit excludes only a small mass region below 1 TeV.