Incorporating Fishermen’s Local Knowledge and Behavior into geographical information Systems (giS) for Designing marine Protected areas in Oceania

Aswani, Shankar; Lauer, Matthew

doi:10.17730/humo.65.1.4y2q0vhe4l30n0uj

Cited by 181 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, comparative studies have demonstrated that volunteer capabilities can be equal to professionals (e.g., Gillett et al 2012;Jordan et al 2012). In addition, some citizen science projects are designed specifically to tap into the expertise outside of professional science, as with collaborative fisheries research (Aswani and Lauer 2006;Dale and Armitage 2011) or ethnobotanical studies (Kimmerer 2012;Oguamanam 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies Employed by Citizen Science Programs to Increase the Credibility of Their Data

Freitag

Meyer

Whiteman

2016

CSTP

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The success of citizen science in producing important and unique data is attracting interest from scientists and resource managers. Nonetheless, questions remain about the credibility of citizen science data. Citizen science programs desire to meet the same standards of credibility as academic science, but they usually work within a different context, for example, training and managing significant numbers of volunteers with limited resources. We surveyed the credibility-building strategies of 30 citizen science programs that monitor environmental aspects of the California coast. We identified a total of twelve strategies: Three that are applied during training and planning; four that are applied during data collection; and five that are applied during data analysis and program evaluation. Variation in the application of these strategies by program is related to factors such as the number of participants, the focus on group or individual work, and the time commitment required of volunteers. The structure of each program and available resources require program designers to navigate tradeoffs in the choices of their credibility strategies. Our results illustrate those tradeoffs and provide a framework for the necessary discussions between citizen science programs and potential users of their data-including scientists and decision makers-about shared expectations for credibility and practical approaches for meeting those expectations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies Employed by Citizen Science Programs to Increase the Credibility of Their Data

Freitag

Meyer

Whiteman

2016

CSTP

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“…Australia, for example, is compiling and evaluating FEK for the purpose of better understanding long-term changes in fish stocks (AFMF 2006). For ecological issues that can be qualitatively described, e.g., vulnerable habitats, spawning aggregations, juvenile aggregations, or fish migration patterns, FEK can be directly incorporated into fishery management, such as in the placement of marine protected areas (MPAs; Aswani and Lauer 2006). This is especially relevant because a number of scientists view MPAs as a basic precautionary strategy for achieving both fishery management and conservation goals (Cooke andEarle 1993, Auster 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing the Western Gulf of Maine Area Closure: The Role and Perception of Fishers' Ecological Knowledge

Nenadović¹,

Johnson²,

Wilson³

2012

E&S

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ABSTRACT. The debate about the quality of fishers' ecological knowledge (FEK) and its value to fisheries management has long been present in the literature. This study sought to understand the role of FEK in a particular fisheries management decision in the U.S. and to evaluate the extent that different stakeholder groups recognized and used FEK in fisheries policy creation. The 1998 implementation of the Western Gulf of Maine Area Closure (WGoMAC) was a management response to the rapid decline in the Gulf of Maine cod (Gadus morhua) stock. Using structured surveys and semistructured interviews, we collected information from major stakeholder groups that were active during the creation of the area closure: New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC) members, Groundfish Advisory Panel members, Groundfish Plan Development Team members, and Maine groundfishers. Results indicated that 95% of respondents believed that fishers possess ecological knowledge that could be useful in the fishery management process. In the case of the WGoMAC creation, 62% of respondents indicated that FEK played a role in the decision, even though 85% recognized obstacles to the use of FEK in the management process. Interviews demonstrated that FEK was able to improve upon the spatial resolution of scientific data by identifying seasonal migration patterns of prespawning cod and behavioral differences between juvenile and adult cod. This information was a product of a peer-reviewed process among groundfishers and it was used to fine-tune the exact location of the closure. These findings suggest that there are ways to incorporate FEK into fishery management for the purposes of stock and habitat conservation. Additionally, the benefit of having ecological information that spans different spatial scales for fishery management was observed in this study. By combining the knowledge systems of fishers and fisheries scientists, managers were able to capture ecological information at a finer scale than the scale at which landings data are reported and fish stocks analyzed.

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“…However, these considerations should also be combined with broader contextual considerations stemming from the proactive use of social, economic, political, and natural scientific methods, tools, and approaches to design MPAs [11,[147][148][149]. For example, Aswani and Lauer [150] show how MPA networks can be designed using a combination of anthropological and natural scientific methods to merge traditional knowledge and use patterns in GIS. Ban et al [151] compare the use of Marxan planning software with a community-based approach to MPA planning on the west coast of Canada showing that both methods produced similar results.…”

Section: The Mpa Implementation and Design Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

From measuring outcomes to providing inputs: Governance, management, and local development for more effective marine protected areas

Bennett¹,

Dearden²

2018

Preprint

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Marine protected areas (MPAs) have the potential to conserve marine resources as well as provide social and economic benefits to local communities. Yet the percentage of MPAs that might be considered “successful” or effective on ecological and/or socio-economic accounts is debatable. Measurement of biophysical and socio-economic outcome indicators has become de rigeur for examining MPA management effectiveness so that adaptive feedback loops can stimulate new management actions. Scholars and practitioners alike have suggested that more attention should be given to the inputs that are likely to lead to successful MPA outcomes. This paper briefly discusses the potential ecological and socio-economic outcomes of MPAs then reviews the literature on three categories of inputs – governance, management, and local development – that lead to effective MPAs. In conclusion, the paper presents a novel inputs framework that incorporates indicators for governance, management and development to be used in the design and analysis of MPAs.

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Incorporating Fishermen’s Local Knowledge and Behavior into geographical information Systems (giS) for Designing marine Protected areas in Oceania

Cited by 181 publications

References 47 publications

Strategies Employed by Citizen Science Programs to Increase the Credibility of Their Data

Strategies Employed by Citizen Science Programs to Increase the Credibility of Their Data

Implementing the Western Gulf of Maine Area Closure: The Role and Perception of Fishers' Ecological Knowledge

From measuring outcomes to providing inputs: Governance, management, and local development for more effective marine protected areas

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