Incorporating Integrative Perspectives into Impact Reduction Management in a Reef Recreation Area

Abstract

The act of balancing two sustainability goals, the conservation of ecosystem services, and allowing access to reef recreational areas is a big challenge for the management of marine protected areas (MPAs). This study evaluates tourist preferences towards integrative aspects of an impact reduction program in a reef recreation area. We find that by integrating the marine police institution, providing educational training, setting up control of the number of divers, setting up control of the experience area, and taking boats to the snorkeling point are the key factors. We also identify the features that affect the heterogeneity of preferences with impact reduction management in the MPAs as follows: (1) monthly income; (2) type of tourist; and (3) joining conservation groups, and the integrated program generate the highest welfare value. These results can be applied to create a suitable management strategy for sustainable reef tourism that meets the needs of stakeholders.

Conducting an Evaluation Framework for Disaster Management under Adaptive Organization Change in a School System

“…This study extends the thread of applying CE methodology established in related studies, including a welfare evaluation of sustainable development in a national park [14], MWTP estimation of community-based ecotourism in an area surrounding a forest park [15], MWTP evaluation under impact reduction management in a reef recreational site [18], MWTP assessment of ecological conservation in a national park [35], assessment of welfare values under climate and land use change in forest parks [32] and revealing MWTW values under multiple land use scenarios close to a forest park [33]. The aforementioned studies all successfully used measurement of individuals' preferences for chosen attributes and levels to draw conclusions and make recommendations for management.…”

“…Understanding the hidden value or marginal value of attributes can allow participants to better understand the tradeoffs between different attributes. If the respondents choose a concentrated set of options and attributes or if the respondents are required to make their choices on multiple occasions, participation in the CE is premised on participants having higher cognitive ability [18]. However, we were unable to find research that has looked at faculty members' heterogeneity with regard to multiple attributes under various aspects of organizational resilience as it relates to disaster management.…”

“…The CE methodology is a consumer theory derived from the utility function [31]. The CE captures individuals' preferences regarding the characteristics of goods and services [14,15,18]. By providing respondents with grouped questions, hypotheses can be tested by capturing the respondent's experiences and stated preferences for various attributes and levels, which can provide insight into their marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) for various scenarios [14,18,19].…”

“…The CE captures individuals' preferences regarding the characteristics of goods and services [14,15,18]. By providing respondents with grouped questions, hypotheses can be tested by capturing the respondent's experiences and stated preferences for various attributes and levels, which can provide insight into their marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) for various scenarios [14,18,19]. To date, the CE model is often applied to evaluate the economic value of environmental resources, albeit less frequently in the context of disaster management.…”

“…First, we built up the CE attributes and levels based on literature reviews covering the fields of OR. Second, we estimated the heterogeneity of respondents' preferences for disaster management based on the random parameter logit (RPL) [14,16,18]. We also used a t-test to characterize the observed individual-specific characteristics (i.e., age, willingness to implement disaster prevention and protection projects and training to be a disaster relief volunteer).…”