Incorporation of lead and titanium into a porous alumina membrane during Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 nanotube synthesis

Abstract

Size-dependent emission efficiency and luminescence characteristics of YBO3:Tb3+ nanocrystals under vacuum ultraviolet excitations J. Appl. Phys. 112, 054321 (2012) Photoluminescence from GaAs nanodisks fabricated by using combination of neutral beam etching and atomic hydrogen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy regrowth Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 113108 (2012) Characterization of thiol-functionalized oligo(phenylene-ethynylene)-protected Au nanoparticles by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 083115 (2012) Role of ion density in growth, transport, and morphology of nanoparticles generated in plasmas Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 083103 (2012) Multi-scale graphene patterns on arbitrary substrates via laser-assisted transfer-printing processWe report the identification and characteristics of lead aluminate (Pb 2 Al 2 O 5 or PbAl 12 O 19 )/ aluminum titanate (Al 2 TiO 5 ) formed as a result of the interaction between a Pb(Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 )O 3 (PZT) precursor and a porous alumina membrane (PAM) during PZT nanotube synthesis. The surface morphology and composition of PZT nanotubes were examined as a function of the etching time and annealing temperature, and the diffusion of elements over nanometer length scales during PZT nanotube formation was investigated based on analysis using field emission transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray microscopy. As the annealing temperature increased, the volume of lead aluminate/aluminum titanate increased, suggesting that considerable diffusion of Pb and Ti occurred and, in turn, dramatically affected the nanotube characteristics. The diffusion of Pb and Ti was clearly evident, resulting in the formation of a distinct lead aluminate/aluminum titanate at the PZT nanotube/PAM interface.

Synthesis of dense arrays of multiferroic CoFe2O4–PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 core/shell nanocables

“…The volatility of PbO is also a recurring issue. In contrast, it was shown that annealing temperatures up to 700°C carry enough energy to induce Pb diffusion into AAO through oxygen vacancies 32 . This phenomenon may thus promote crystallized interphases formation of Pb2Al2O5, PbAl12O19 or Al2TiO5 (Fig.…”