Increase in RNA and Glycogen but Not in DNA in Developing Human Macrophages Proven by Integrating Microdensitometry

Sokol, Robert J.; Hudson, Graham S.; Wales, J.; Goldstein, Daniel J.; James, N. T.

doi:10.1159/000147508

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Macrophages acquire fat and glycogen stores during development. 24,25 Excessive acquisition of selected fats can also occur, as exemplified by the inflammation of vascular diseases, which involves scavenger macrophages that acquire altered LDL and appear as foamy macrophages accumulating at the sites of atherosclerotic plaques. 26 Some evidence also suggests that fatty acids labelled with 14 C are transferred from macrophages to lymphocytes during lymphocyte stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing dendritic cells become ‘lacy’ cells packed with fat and glycogen

Maroof¹,

English²,

Bedford³

et al. 2005

Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryOn maturation, dendritic cells (DCs) become highly active cells equipped for antigen uptake, migration and clustering and activation of T cells. We therefore asked whether DCs acquire fat and glycogen stores as they mature. DCs were generated from mouse bone marrow stem cells by culturing with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for 7-8 days. Stimulation of the DCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for the last 24 hr of culture, or exposure to 1-15 ng/ml of interleukin (IL)-4 during development, resulted in production of DCs not only with an increased ability to stimulate T cells but also with an increasingly lacy appearance on transmission electron microscopy, with multiple unstained areas in the cytoplasm. This changed morphology was associated with the presence of increasing amounts of fat and glycogen, identified by Sudan Black and periodic acid leukofushin/Schiff (PAS) staining, respectively. Lacy DCs up-regulated type 1 and type 2 scavenger receptors, providing possible mechanisms contributing to these changes. Lacy DCs were found occasionally amongst freshly isolated splenic and lymph node DCs. DCs can be isolated from human adipose tissue, and we tested whether lacy DCs acquiring fat and glycogen were present in mouse omentum. CD45 + cells migrating from the omentum expressed specific DC markers CD11c and 33D1, costimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, and most showed darkly staining fat inclusions. Thus, during development, DCs can acquire large amounts of fat and glycogen, accumulation of which is promoted by antigen exposure and modulated by the cytokine milieu and location, and which may act as a link between energy stores and immune function.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing dendritic cells become ‘lacy’ cells packed with fat and glycogen

Maroof¹,

English²,

Bedford³

et al. 2005

Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has also been suggested that adipocytes and macrophages may be interconvertible 72 and that the number of macrophages present in adipose tissue increases along with fat mass 63 . As adipocytes, macrophages can store fat and glycogen 43, 73, 74 . Lipid storage in macrophages is an important step in the development of another inflammatory disease, atherosclerosis, where plaque lesion progression is correlated with increased number of foam cells, or LDL‐loaded macrophages.…”

Section: Adipose Tissue and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: lymphatic system and associated adipose tissue in the development of inflammatory bowel disease

Weid

Rainey

2010

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResultsEvidence collected allows us to propose the following working model. Compromised lymph drainage, reported in IBD, leads to oedema, lymphangiogenesis, impaired immune cell trafficking and lymph leakage. Lymph factor(s) stimulate adipose tissue to proliferate and produce cytokines, which affect immune cell functions and exacerbate inflammation. ConclusionsUnderstanding the lymphatic system's role in immune cell trafficking and immune responses, contribution to fat transport, distribution, metabolism and implication in the pathogenesis of chronic intestinal inflammation may provide the basis for new therapeutic strategies and improved quality-oflife. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics Aliment Pharmacol Ther INTRODUCTIONThe lymphatic system is a frequently overlooked yet vitally important system in the body. In addition to maintaining tissue fluid homoeostasis, it plays critical roles in immune defence and in metabolic maintenance. Indeed, it functions as an interface between our body and the environment. It is a pre-eminent player in the body's response to pathogens and acts as the physical basis of the immune system by providing conduits and lymph nodes for the presentation of potentially harmful antigens from the environment to immune cells, leading to recognition and initiation of an immune response. It is important for energy storage and metabolic functions, most notably by supplying a route for ingested lipids to be absorbed, stored and metabolized. Finally, it serves as a collective 'garbage dump', where dead cells, bacteria, poisons, toxins and excess fluids are deposited from bodily tissues. Subsequently, it indirectly delivers these substances via the blood to the organs of detoxification including the liver, kidneys, skin, lungs and large colon for eventual elimination. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM, LYMPHATIC PUMPING AND LYMPH FLOWThe lymphatic system is composed of numerous vessels connecting the interstitial tissue space to blood circulation and to lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes, the spleen and other lymphoid structures (e.g. Peyer's patches in the small intestine). The lymphatic vessels, or lymphatics, are widely distributed throughout the body and are organized into a very dense and extensive network. Unlike the cardiovascular system, which is a closed-circuit relying on a central pump to move blood, lymphatic vessels form a one-way system that collects lymph from the extremities by the initial lymphatics, propels it via the pumping action of the collecting lymphatics and empties its contents into the venous circulation. Any deficiencies in this process lead to fluid accumulation in the interstitium, oedema and insurmountable osmotic imbalance.1 Initial lymphatics are blind-ended tubes comprising endothelial cells (e.g. lacteals in intestinal villi), which lie in close proximity to the blood capillaries, picking up fluid and proteins that leave the cardiovascular system to maintain tissue fluid balance. The collecting lymphatic vessels differ from the initial lymphatics in that most have smooth ...

show abstract

Increase in RNA and Glycogen but Not in DNA in Developing Human Macrophages Proven by Integrating Microdensitometry

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Developing dendritic cells become ‘lacy’ cells packed with fat and glycogen

Developing dendritic cells become ‘lacy’ cells packed with fat and glycogen

Review article: lymphatic system and associated adipose tissue in the development of inflammatory bowel disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About