2022
DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02291-4
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Increased blood neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) associated with early life stress: translational findings in recent-onset schizophrenia and rodent model

Abstract: Higher levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and elevated neutrophil counts are consistently reported in the blood of patients with schizophrenia. Stressors during childhood and/or adolescence are major socioenvironmental risk factors for schizophrenia and may contribute to immune dysregulation. Previous studies using blood cytokines to stratify patients with schizophrenia suggest that only a subset presents a low-grade inflammatory state. However, these studies have not addressed whether environmental factors such as … Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…EN-RAGE is expressed by neutrophils and has pro-inflammatory effects by binding to advanced glycosylation end-product receptor (RAGE) that is present on target cells including the vasculature [ 17 ]. Our finding of elevated EN-RAGE in acute psychosis is in accordance with recent studies showing enhanced formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the blood of early schizophrenia [ 18 ]. We suggest that EN-RAGE and neutrophils may orchestrate the immune response and play an important role during the acute phase of psychosis.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 92%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…EN-RAGE is expressed by neutrophils and has pro-inflammatory effects by binding to advanced glycosylation end-product receptor (RAGE) that is present on target cells including the vasculature [ 17 ]. Our finding of elevated EN-RAGE in acute psychosis is in accordance with recent studies showing enhanced formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the blood of early schizophrenia [ 18 ]. We suggest that EN-RAGE and neutrophils may orchestrate the immune response and play an important role during the acute phase of psychosis.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…Recently this issue was studied further by examining the degree of formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that are present in various other inflammatory disorders [ 49 ]. Results showed an increase in NETs in schizophrenia patients compared with controls, indicating an involvement of neutrophils in the disease process [ 18 ]. This is in line with our present findings of higher EN-RAGE levels in acute psychosis as this protein is mainly produced by neutrophils in humans.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A possible underlying mechanistic cellular-based involvement in the predisposition to inflammatory states has been fueled but a recent study which reported an increased blood neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in patients with early schizophrenia compared with controls irrespective of antipsychotic treatment. An early stress with history of childhood maltreatment also linked to patients with increased NETs 47 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 98%