Increased extracellular volume in asymptomatic cocaine abusers detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging

Radunski, Ulf K; Fuger, Ulrike; Reimer, Jens; Lund, Gunnar; Adam, Gerhard; Blankenberg, Stefan; Muellerleile, Kai

doi:10.1186/1532-429x-15-s1-e101

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cocaine-induced damage to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems is widely reported, and is linked with hypertension, tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias [2],myocardial infarction [3,4], stroke [4,5], resulting in severe functional impairments or sudden mortality [6–10]. …”

Section: Phenomenology Contributing To Vascular Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vascular disease in cocaine addiction

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cocaine, a powerful vasoconstrictor, induces immune responses including cytokine elevations. Chronic cocaine use is associated with functional brain impairments potentially mediated by vascular pathology. Although the Crack-Cocaine epidemic has declined, its vascular consequences are increasingly becoming evident among individuals with cocaine use disorder of that period, now aging. Paradoxically, during the period when prevention efforts could make a difference, this population receives psychosocial treatment at best. We review major postmortem and in vitro studies documenting cocaine-induced vascular toxicity. PubMed and Academic Search Complete were used with relevant terms. Findings consist of the major mechanisms of cocaine-induced vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction, and accelerated atherosclerosis, emphasizing acute, chronic, and secondary effects of cocaine. The etiology underlying cocaine's acute and chronic vascular effects is multifactorial, spanning hypertension, impaired homeostasis and platelet function, thrombosis, thromboembolism, and alterations in blood flow. Early detection of vascular disease in cocaine addiction by multimodality imaging is discussed. Treatment may be similar to indications in patients with traditional risk-factors, with few exceptions such as enhanced supportive care and use of benzodiazepines and phentolamine for sedation, and avoiding β-blockers. Given the vascular toxicity cocaine induces, further compounded by smoking and alcohol comorbidity, and interacting with aging of the crack generation, there is a public health imperative to identify pre-symptomatic markers of vascular impairments in cocaine addiction and employ preventive treatment to reduce silent disease progression.

show abstract

Section: Phenomenology Contributing To Vascular Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite some controversy [3,53,71], left ventricular hypertrophy (as shown in Fig. 2) is among the most prevalent chronic morphological findings associated with cocaine toxicity in patients with cocaine-associated chest pain [2–4,10,16,24,50,72–77].…”

Section: Chronic Effects Of Cocainementioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular disease in cocaine addiction

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cocaine-induced injury to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems is well known [60]. Specifically, cocaine use is linked with hypertension, tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias [61], myocardial infarction [62], and stroke [63]. Furthermore, cocaine is associated with muscle damage, electrolyte disturbances and elevated liver enzymes leading to renal and liver failure resulting in severe functional impairments or sudden mortality [64].…”

Section: Organ System Injury and Advanced Clinical Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Is biological aging accelerated in drug addiction?

Bachi

Sierra

Volkow

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drug-addiction may trigger early onset of age-related disease, due to drug-induced multi-system toxicity and perilous lifestyle, which remains mostly undetected and untreated. We present the literature on pathophysiological processes that may hasten aging and its relevance to addiction, including: oxidative stress and cellular aging, inflammation in periphery and brain, decline in brain volume and function, and early onset of cardiac, cerebrovascular, kidney, and liver disease. Timely detection of accelerated aging in addiction is crucial for the prevention of premature morbidity and mortality.

show abstract

Exploring protective associations between the use of classic psychedelics and cocaine use disorder: a population-based survey study

Jones

Nock

2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) is a significant public health problem associated with elevated morbidity and mortality within the United States. Current behavioral treatments have limited efficacy and there are currently no FDA approved pharmacological treatments for CUD. Classic psychedelics might be associated with lowered odds of substance misuse and may effectively treat various forms of addiction. Thus, the goal of this study is to assess protective associations that lifetime use of classic psychedelics may share with CUD within a nationally representative sample of the U.S. We used data from The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) (2015–2019) and conducted survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression to test whether each of four classic psychedelics (peyote, mescaline, psilocybin, LSD) conferred lowered odds of CUD and its related 11 sub-criteria. Participants were 214,505 adults in the NSDUH (2015–2019) aged 18 and older. Peyote conferred lowered odds of CUD, reducing the odds of CUD by over 50% (aOR: 0.47). All other substances (including other classic psychedelics) either shared no association to CUD or conferred increased odds of CUD. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses revealed peyote to confer sharply lowered odds of the majority (seven of 11) of CUD criteria as well (aOR range: 0.26–0.47). Peyote use is associated with lowered odds of CUD. Future inquiries into third variable factors (i.e., demographic/personality profiles of individuals who use peyote, motivational/contextual factors surrounding peyote use) that may underlie our observed associations may reveal protective factors that can inform treatment development for CUD. Additionally, future longitudinal studies can shed further light on whether there is a temporal link between peyote use and lowered odds of CUD.

show abstract

Increased extracellular volume in asymptomatic cocaine abusers detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Vascular disease in cocaine addiction

Vascular disease in cocaine addiction

Is biological aging accelerated in drug addiction?

Exploring protective associations between the use of classic psychedelics and cocaine use disorder: a population-based survey study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About