Increased Lifetime for Biomass and Waste to Energy Power Plant Boilers with HVOF Coatings: High Temperature Corrosion Testing Under Chlorine-Containing Molten Salt

Oksa, Maria; Tuurna, Satu; Varis, Tommi

doi:10.1007/s11666-013-9928-5

Cited by 56 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The two most prominent peaks in the XRD were still those of the c-Fe and a-Fe phases. There was also obvious formation of CrB 2 and Cr 23 C 6 . Whilst the peaks were more defined, the patterns were much more diffuse than would be expected from a fully crystalline structure, suggesting some amorphous fraction had been retained.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser cladding produced a predominantly crystalline structure with a-Fe, c-Fe, CrB 2 and Cr 23 C 6 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a major cause of fireside corrosion in biomass-fired power plants [5]. An approach currently taken to reduce fireside corrosion resulting from the combustion of biomass is to operate boilers at a lower temperature where the degree of fireside corrosion is acceptable [6]. Another approach is to use corrosion resistant nickel-based alloys or other protective coatings and claddings to minimize wastage without the drop in efficiency associated with a lower operating temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HVOF and Laser-Cladded Fe–Cr–B Coating in Simulated Biomass Combustion: Microstructure and Fireside Corrosion

Reddy

Shipway

Davis³

et al. 2017

Oxid Met

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Biomass is often considered as a low carbon alternative to fossil fuels in the power industry. However, the heat exchangers in biomass plants can suffer from chloride-based aggressive fireside corrosion. A commercially available amorphous Fe-Cr-B alloy was deposited onto a stainless steel substrate by HVOF thermal spray and laser cladding. The controlled environment corrosion tests were conducted in a HCl-rich environment at 700°C for 250 h with and without KCl deposits. The samples were examined with XRD, SEM and EDX mapping to understand the corrosion mechanisms. In the absence of any deposits, the amorphous HVOF coating performed very well with a thin oxide growth, whereas the crystalline laser cladding suffered from *350 lm metal loss. The scales were composed of MnWO 4 , Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 and Cr 2 O 3 . When a KCl deposit was present, the HVOF-sprayed coating delaminated from the substrate and MnCl 2 was found in the scale.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser cladding produced a predominantly crystalline structure with a-Fe, c-Fe, CrB 2 and Cr 23 C 6 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HVOF and Laser-Cladded Fe–Cr–B Coating in Simulated Biomass Combustion: Microstructure and Fireside Corrosion

Reddy

Shipway

Davis³

et al. 2017

Oxid Met

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“…When present in deposits, copper has been found to increase corrosion rates significantly in chlorine containing conditions by catalyzing the formation of elemental chlorine from HCl [21,22]. Because chemical composition of Sanicro 25 with higher Cr and Ni content would suggest that the material had better corrosion resistance than TP347HFG, we suggest that copper has probably had an influence on the high corrosion rate as an alloying element.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Tailoring a High Temperature Corrosion Resistant FeNiCrAl for Oxy-Combustion Application by Thermal Spray Coating and HIP

et al. 2015

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Oxy-fuel combustion combined with CCS (carbon capture and storage) aims to decrease CO2 emissions in energy production using fossil fuels. Oxygen firing changes power plant boiler conditions compared to conventional firing. Higher material temperatures and harsher and more variable environmental conditions cause new degradation processes that are inadequately understood at the moment. In this study, an Fe-Ni-Cr-Al alloy was developed based on thermodynamic simulations. The chosen composition was manufactured as powder by gas atomization. The powder was sieved into two fractions: The finer was used to produce thermal spray coatings by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) and the coarser to manufacture bulk specimens by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The high temperature corrosion properties of the manufactured FeNiCrAl coating and bulk material were tested in laboratory conditions simulating oxy-combustion. The manufacturing methods and the results of high temperature corrosion performance are presented. The corrosion performance of the coating was on average between the bulk steel references Sanicro 25 and TP347HFG. OPEN ACCESSCoatings 2015, 5 710

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“…This grade of stainless steel is characterized by high oxidation resistance, high creep strength, high structural stability and good fabricability [18,19]. To our knowledge, up till now there has been no study regarding KCl-induced oxidation behaviour of Sanicro 25.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ investigation of the initial stages of KCl-induced corrosion of a chromia-forming steel at 450ºC using an environmental scanning electron microscope

et al. 2015

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In the present work, the initial stages of KCl-induced high temperature corrosion of a chromia-forming alloy (42Fe25Ni22CrWCuNbN), Sanicro 25, is investigated by means of in-situ Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) exposures in an O 2 /H 2 O gaseous environment up to 1 hour at 450°C. Prior to the exposures, KCl particles were sprayed on the samples. In order to perform reliable in-situ ESEM exposures, temperature calibration of the ESEM hot stage was done. Additionally, the in-situ results were validated by reference tube furnace exposures, and the feasibility of the ESEM technique for obtaining dynamic information regarding the chlorine-induced corrosion process of the steel was discussed. Relatively large oxide crusts, with sizes of several microns, formed in the vicinity of the KCl particles. In-between the KCl particles, a thin double oxide scale (20-100 nm), consisting of a top layer rich in iron oxide and a bottom layer rich in chromia, developed all over the surface of the alloy. Metal chloride was present beneath the thin base oxide, at the alloy/oxide interface, which shows the corrosive nature of KCl towards alloy Sanicro 25 in the studied environment. However, no extensive corrosion occurred at these locations after the short exposure times used in this work (1 h).

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Increased Lifetime for Biomass and Waste to Energy Power Plant Boilers with HVOF Coatings: High Temperature Corrosion Testing Under Chlorine-Containing Molten Salt

Cited by 56 publications

References 28 publications

HVOF and Laser-Cladded Fe–Cr–B Coating in Simulated Biomass Combustion: Microstructure and Fireside Corrosion

HVOF and Laser-Cladded Fe–Cr–B Coating in Simulated Biomass Combustion: Microstructure and Fireside Corrosion

Tailoring a High Temperature Corrosion Resistant FeNiCrAl for Oxy-Combustion Application by Thermal Spray Coating and HIP

In-situ investigation of the initial stages of KCl-induced corrosion of a chromia-forming steel at 450ºC using an environmental scanning electron microscope

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