Increased microbiota diversity associated with higher FEV_0.5 in infants

Dysbiotic lung microbial communities of neonates from allergic mothers confer neonate responsiveness to suboptimal allergen

“…We also demonstrated that Shannon alpha-diversity was reduced in groups with allergic inflammation and that the groups with allergic inflammation separated in the PCA plot of the Bray-Curtis beta-diversity. These data are consistent with studies demonstrating changes in airway microbiota community diversity in subjects with wheeze or asthma (62,87).…”

“…In the airway microbial composition of infants in the INHANCE cohort (62,63), nasal microbiome diversity at 3 months of age is lower in the infants with wheeze in the first year of life, with a decrease in Corynebacterium and increase in the proteobacteria Moraxella (62). Increased Moraxella is seen in episodes of wheeze (35,(96)(97)(98)(99)(100).…”

“…) is an urban cohort (birth to 18 months of age) in the Indianapolis area (n = 180, 70% Black or mixed-race Black; NIH K23 AI135094-01 PI Kloepfer). Of these 180 infants, 43 of the 3-5 months of age infants and 50 of the 12-18 months of age infants had nasal 16S microbiome data (62,63) and sufficient plasma volume available for tocopherol analyses by HPLC.Human 16S rRNA gene sequencing data were analyzed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology v2 2022.8 (59, 60). Human sequences were aligned with the SILVA 138.1 taxonomy database (57).…”

“Where are they now?” Catching up with the 2017 AAAAI Faculty Development Awardees

“…A series of selected publications is listed later. [1][2][3][4][5] We found that the airway tuft (brush) cells, a unique population of highly innervated airway epithelial cells, are activated by the protease-containing mold aeroallergen Alternaria alternata and the house dust mite allergen Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus to generate cysteinyl leukotrienes. Furthermore, we defined a feed-forward loop of allergen (Alternaria)-triggered ATP release and ATP-mediated P2Y2 receptor activation that augments the aeroallergen-elicited generation of cysteinyl leukotrienes in tuft (brush) cells.…”

“…A selection of published articles is listed later. [1][2][3][4][5][6] These findings include changes in the oral microbiota in infants exposed to second-hand smoke; the association between decreased lung function at age 3 months and decreased microbial diversity in the upper airway; and lower lung function values during the first year of life in infants living in food deserts. In August 2021, we finished sequencing the nasal and oral samples prospectively obtained between birth and age 12 months from 180 infants.…”