Increased Na+ and Cl− accumulation induced by NaCl salinity inhibits cotyledonary reserve mobilization and alters the source-sink relationship in establishing dwarf cashew seedlings

Marques, Elton Camelo; Freitas, Paulo André Ferreira de; Alencar, Nara Lídia Mendes; Prisco, José Tarquı́nio; Gomes-Filho, Enéas

doi:10.1007/s11738-013-1254-5

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The lipids reduction was significant since T2 when compared with quiescent seed (T0), having reduced in 38% until last period observed ( Figure 3A). Furthermore, this effect was observed by citochemistry analysis by the reduction of the lipids bodies that could be related to the fact the lipase activity increase in the storage tissues during the germination (MARQUES et al, 2013). These hydrolytic enzymes are activated to supply the growing seedling by the reserve depletion in the storage tissues, until they become autotrophic (BEWLEY et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, the plants do not have fat transport mechanisms from the endosperm to the seedling tissues, therefore the lipids can be converted into sucrose, which, in high concentrations, can be stored as starch (BEWLEY et al, 2013). Such an event occurs in dwarf cashew (Anacardium occidentale) seedlings, where the temporary increase of the starch reserve during germination and establishment seedling may be related to the degradation of the lipid reserve since the lipid catabolism pathway leads to sucrose synthesis (MARQUES et al, 2013). The concentration of the different reserve components varies among species since they depend on genetics, physiology, and the main regulators that distribute the carbon storage in the seed (EKMAN et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The morphological characterization of the dry seeds and reserve mobilization during germination inMorinda citrifoliaL.

Paula¹,

Sousa

Brito

et al. 2016

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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-Information about the morphology, chemical composition and reserve mobilization is important in understanding the establishment of native and exotic species. The purpose of this study was to describe the morphology, chemical composition, and mobilization of reserves during germination of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.). Biometric and morphological analyzes were performed with 100 randomly selected dried seeds. Other seeds were treated with sulfuric acid PA and soaked in Petri dishes. Collected seeds of five different times of germination were used for cytochemical and chemical analysis. For cytochemical analysis, the cuts of 5 m were submitted to dyes TB at pH 4.0; XP at pH 2.5, reaction of PAS and Sudan IV. The seeds were crushed for chemical analysis with lipids, proteins and soluble sugars extraction that were determined gravimetrically, by the Bradford method and the Antrona method, respectively. The fatty acid composition of the dry seed was determined by gas chromatography. Noni seeds are albuminous and have a thick seed coat, rich in lignin. Lipid and protein bodies were observed inside the endosperm cells, representing 43.50% and 9.15% respectively, while the reservoir of soluble sugars was less than 5%. Linoleic acid was the most prevalent with 68.1%. The lipids were mobilized during germination, suffering a reduction of up to 38% of its total. Proteins, as well as lipids decreased by 25.78% during the germination period observed. The main reserves of noni seeds are lipids and proteins that are mobilized during germination to provide energy and matter to the developing embryo and synthesis of more complex compounds.Key words: Cytochemical. Lipids. Fatty acids. Proteins. Germination.RESUMO -Informações sobre as características morfológicas, a composição química e mobilização de reservas são fundamentais na compreensão do estabelecimento de espécies nativas e exóticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a morfologia, a composição química e a mobilização das reservas durante a germinação das sementes de noni (Morinda citrifolia L.). As análises morfológica e biométrica foram feitas com 100 sementes secas escolhidas aleatoriamente. Para as análises citoquímica cortes de 5 µm foram submetidos aos corantes AT em pH 4,0; XP em pH 2,5; reação do PAS e Sudan IV. As determinações químicas para lipídeos, proteínas e açúcares solúveis foram realizadas por gravimetria, pelo método de Bradford e pelo método da Antrona, respectivamente. A composição de ácidos graxos da semente seca também foi determinada por cromatografia gasosa. As sementes de noni são albuminosas e apresentam um tegumento espesso, rico em lignina. Foram observados corpos lipídicos e protéicos nas células do endosperma, representando 43,50% e 9,15%, respectivamente, enquanto que as reservas de açúcares solúveis foram inferiores a 5%. O ácido linoléico foi o mais predominante com 68,1%. Os lipídeos foram mobilizados, sofrendo redução de até 38% do seu total. Como também as proteínas sofreram redução de 25,78% durante o tempo de germinação ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphological characterization of the dry seeds and reserve mobilization during germination inMorinda citrifoliaL.

Paula¹,

Sousa

Brito

et al. 2016

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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“…Selain konsentrasi NaCl, faktor lain mungkin berpengaruh yang menyebabkan hambatan pemanjangan akar tidak terjadi. Wahid et al (1999) dalam Marques et al (2013) menyatakan bahwa intensitas pengaruh stres garam terhadap h a m b a t a n p e r t u m b u h a n s e e d l i n g tergantung beberapa faktor, yaitu asal biji (vigor, bentuk dan morfologi testa), kadar garam (konsentrasi dan waktu pelepasan) dan kondisi lingkungan sekitar biji (suhu, intensitas cahaya, kadar oksigen dan kelembaban). Rata-rata tinggi tunas diantara perlakuan menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda, dan masih nyata lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol.…”

Section: A Panjang Akar Tinggi Tunas Dan Diameter Batang Setelah Peunclassified

PERLAKUAN NAUNGAN DAN PEMBERIAN NaCl UNTUK MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BATANG BAWAH KARET (HEVEA BRASILIENSIS MUELL ARG.)

Admojo

Nugrahani

Prasetyo

2018

JPK

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The problem of rubber seed storage could be overcomed by seedling storage where growth of seedling is inhibited through application of shading and NaCl treatment. The research aims to understand the effect of shading duration and NaCl application on rubber rootstock. Each treatment repeated 3 times with 30 seeds for each replication. Observation had been done to root growth, shoot height, stem diameter and plant height. The results showed that 0,5% NaCl and 96% shading treatment significantly inhibited growth of rubber rootstock shoot height up to 43% -60% and stem diameter up to 41% -65%, but not for root length. The growth inhibition continued into seven months after transplanting, where the growth inhibition reached 13% -36% for stem diameter and 20% -39% for plant height. One month shading treatment showed the highest result for stem diameter reached 5.88 mm and budding success reached 50% at seven months after transplanting. Keywords : G r o w t h i n h i b i t i o n ; N a C l ; rootstock; rubber seedling; shadingAbstrak Masalah penyimpanan biji pada tanaman karet antara lain dapat diatasi dengan penyimpanan seedling dengan cara menghambat pertumbuhannya. Hambatan tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan aplikasi naungan dan pemberian NaCl. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama naungan dan pemberian NaCl pada simpan seedling terhadap pertumbuhan batang bawah karet. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali dengan tiga puluh bibit setiap ulangan. Pengamatan meliputi panjang akar, tinggi tunas, diameter batang dan tinggi tanaman, baik saat di rumah kaca maupun setelah pindah lapang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan naungan 96% dan penyemprotan NaCl 0,5% di bawah naungan nyata menghambat pertumbuhan tunas hingga 43-60% dan diameter batang hingga 41-6 3 % , n a m u n t i d a k m e n g h a m b a t p e m a n j a n g a n a k a r . H a m b a t a n pertumbuhan berlanjut hingga tujuh bulan setelah pindah lapang, mencapai 13-36% untuk diameter batang dan 20-39% untuk tinggi tanaman. Perlakuan lama naungan satu bulan menunjukkan nilai tertinggi untuk diameter batang dan tingkat keberhasilan okulasi, yaitu 5,88 mm dan 50% pada umur tujuh bulan setelah pindah lapang.Kata kunci : Batang bawah; hambatan p e r t u m b u h a n ; N a C l ; naungan; seedling karet PENDAHULUANBiji tanaman karet mengalami penurunan viabilitas yang cepat dalam beberapa hari, sehingga penyimpanan biji masih menjadi kendala utama saat ini. Penyimpanan semaian biji (seedling) menggunakan metode penghambatan pertumbuhan diharapkan mampu menjadi a l t e r n a t i f u n t u k m e m p e r t a h a n k a n k e t e r s e d i a a n b a t a n g b a w a h t a n p a kehilangan kemampuan tumbuh setelah

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“…To Marques et al, (2013) the dwarf cashews seed germination begins on the 10th day aft er sowing and continues until the 25th day, however normally 80% germination occurs between the 12th and the 20th day after sowing. Different from previously reported, the low vigor and the nuts germination delay observed in this study, may also be attributed to genetic uneven of the nuts, as these come from a heterogeneous population and uneven, which may have contributed to the results.…”

Section: Effect Of Anthracnose Severity On the Ca Shew Nuts In The Gementioning

confidence: 99%

Sanitary analysis, transmissibility and pathogenicity of fungi associated with cashew nuts

Chagas¹,

Leão²,

Chagas³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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There are few reports of transmi ssi on of fungus a ssociated with cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Brazil and worldwide. Thus, the aim of thi s study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of anthracnose on leaves and fruits (nuts) of ca shew, nuts sanitary analysi s, nuts-seedling transmi ssion and pathogenicity of fungi associated with cashew nuts. To this end, leaves and nuts of cashew collected in the cities of Gurupi and Formoso do Araguaia , Tocantins state, Brazil, were used. The anthracnose average incidence and disease index were evaluated by observing the typical symptom s of the disease. The nuts were subjected to sanity analysi s, by the filter paper method and transmi ssion test via nuts for the seedlings. High anthracnose incidence and severity were observed in leaves and cashew s nuts. Aspergillus sp. Cladosporium sp. and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed high incidence in all nuts samples analyzed. There was high anthracnose transmi ssion by the nuts for the seedlings. Only C. gloeosporioides was pathogenic to ca shew seedlings. Higher germination rates were observed with lower levels of lesions on the external surface. The fungal association with cashews nuts damaged generally normal seedlings development and quality.

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Increased Na+ and Cl− accumulation induced by NaCl salinity inhibits cotyledonary reserve mobilization and alters the source-sink relationship in establishing dwarf cashew seedlings

Cited by 25 publications

References 55 publications

The morphological characterization of the dry seeds and reserve mobilization during germination inMorinda citrifoliaL.

The morphological characterization of the dry seeds and reserve mobilization during germination inMorinda citrifoliaL.

PERLAKUAN NAUNGAN DAN PEMBERIAN NaCl UNTUK MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BATANG BAWAH KARET (HEVEA BRASILIENSIS MUELL ARG.)

Sanitary analysis, transmissibility and pathogenicity of fungi associated with cashew nuts

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