Increased Neutrophil Respiratory Burst Predicts the Risk of Coronary Artery Lesion in Kawasaki Disease

Abstract

Background: Kawasaki diseases (KD) is a febrile systemic vasculitis in infants associated with coronary aneurysm. The etiology of KD remains unclear. Human neutrophils have great capacity to cause tissue damage in inflammatory diseases via their inappropriate activation to release reactive oxygen species (ROS). Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a substantial modulator of neutrophil activation to regulate ROS production. It is increasingly released from the myocardium in heart failure and myocardial inflammatory states. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the potential role of neutrophil respiratory burst in the pathogenesis of coronary artery lesions (CAL) in KD. Materials and Methods: A total of 78 children were enrolled. Of all the cases, 20 cases are healthy control (HC), 20 are with coronary artery lesion (CAL), and 38 are with non-coronary artery lesion (NCAL). The activation ratio of neutrophils was evaluated by flow cytometry. In addition, plasma levels of BNP were detected. Results: Our results showed that the activation ratio of neutrophils in KD with CAL is significantly higher than the other two groups (HC and NCAL). Besides, the plasma levels of BNP in KD (with or without CAL) were higher than that in HC. Conclusions: These findings suggested that neutrophil respiratory burst may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CAL, and predicts the risk of CAL in Kawasaki disease.

Severe COVID-19 Shares a Common Neutrophil Activation Signature with Other Acute Inflammatory States

“…Our meta-analysis integrates and unravels the consistency of several important individual studies and datasets that validate the transcriptome data at the protein level in COVID-19 patients [ 26 , 29 , 97 ]. In agreement with the recent observation that neutrophil hyperactivation plays a key role in the severity of COVID-19 [ 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 ], our study indicates that severe COVID-19 disease shares a common neutrophil activation signature with other different acute inflammatory conditions such as HLH [ 101 , 102 ], KD [ 103 , 104 , 105 ], and bacterial pneumonia [ 106 ]. Our data are in agreement with the dual role of neutrophils in providing essential antimicrobial functions, as well as in initiating tissue injury caused by immune dysregulation [ 107 , 108 ].…”

“…As we were able to demonstrate by the multi-omics association between leukocyte and plasma molecules, recently published flow cytometry and proteomic data indicate a systemic and integrated network of molecules associated with neutrophil growth, activation, and mobilization leading to neutrophil dysregulation in severe COVID-19 [ 98 , 99 ]. These results support the concept that the pathophysiology of HLH does not only involve T cell, NK cell and macrophage dysregulation, but also the hyperactivation of neutrophils, as this is also seen in patients with KD [ 103 , 104 , 105 ] and bacterial pneumonia [ 106 ].…”

Low-Dose Methylprednisolone Therapy for Intravenous Immunoglobulin-Resistant Kawasaki Disease

“…Studys have showed that brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) play a signi cant role in the pathogenesis of KD [8], and predicts the risk of CAL in Kawasaki disease [9,10]. In this study, we detected the level of BNP in IVIG + IVMP group with CAL and without CAL.…”

Association between Chromatin Structural Organization of Peripheral Blood Neutrophils and Self-Perceived Mental Stress: Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix Analysis

“…For example, neutrophils during phagocytosis undergo a process termed as the “respiratory burst” that involves the activation of enzymes such as NADPH oxidase, leading to the production of superoxide. ROS, although essential for the normal functioning of immune cells, have a detrimental effects on DNA integrity and chromatin organization (El-Benna et al, 2016; Hu et al, 2020; Salinas et al, 2020). Various inflammatory processes that are associated with increased ROS generation have been linked to genetic damage.…”