Increased number of Campylobacter bacteraemia cases in Sweden, 2014

Harvala, Heli; Ydring, Elsie; Brytting, Maria; Söderblom, Tomas; Mäkitalo, Barbro; Wallensten, Anders; Wisell, Karin Tegmark; Jernberg, Cecilia

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2015.11.013

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In our study, the association between C. jejuni ST-677 and the increased hospitalisations or a longer hospital stay could not be demonstrated. However, it should be noted that the Feodoroff study investigated blood culture isolates of C. jejuni collected over a 10-year study period, whereas the number of invasive C. jejuni infections during our 1-year study period would have been minimal ( 36 ). Interestingly, individuals infected with another less common C. jejuni type, ST-257, were shown to be at increased risk of hospital admissions in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in Sweden, November 2011–October 2012: is the severity of infection associated with C. jejuni sequence type?

Harvala

Rosendal

Lahti

et al. 2016

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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BackgroundCampylobacter jejuni is among the most frequent causes of bacterial gastroenteritis in Europe. Over 8,000 C. jejuni multilocus sequence typing sequence types (STs) have been described; ST-21 and ST-45 have been identified as the most frequent types in all human studies so far. In contrast to other STs, ST-22 has been associated with the Guillain–Barré syndrome and ST-677 was recently linked to severe systemic infections in Finland. We investigated risk factors associated with hospitalisation in individuals with C. jejuni infections acquired in Sweden.MethodsA total of 1,075 individuals with domestically acquired C. jejuni infection diagnosed between November 2011 and October 2012 in Sweden were included in this retrospective cohort study. Typing data for the isolates as well as clinical data including hospitalisation dates and diagnosis codes for individuals with C. jejuni infection were obtained. Factors associated with hospitalisation and length of hospitalisation were investigated by multivariable analysis.ResultsA total of 289 individuals were hospitalised due to C. jejuni infection (26.8%); those with co-morbidities were over 14 times more likely to become hospitalised than those without (odds ratio [OR]: 14.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.84–30.26). Those with underlying co-morbidities were also hospitalised longer than those without (4.22 days vs. 2.86 days), although this was not statistically significant. C. jejuni ST-257 (OR: 2.38; CI: 1.08–5.23), but not ST-22 or ST-677, was significantly associated with hospitalisation.ConclusionST-677 was not associated with increased hospitalisation or a longer hospital stay in our study whilst ST-257 was. However, individuals with C. jejuni infections were generally more frequently hospitalised than previously demonstrated; this requires further consideration including possible targeted interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in Sweden, November 2011–October 2012: is the severity of infection associated with C. jejuni sequence type?

Harvala

Rosendal

Lahti

et al. 2016

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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“…Similar observations have been made about the increasing trend in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli over the last decade; with incidence increasing not only in Sweden but in also in Ireland, the Netherlands and Denmark ( ECDC, 2015 ). Other infectious diseases such as Campylobacter enteritis, Chlamydia and Tularemia have all seen a rise in incidence that has made their surveillance of utmost importance ( Al, 2015 , ECDC, 2015 , Harvala et al., 2016 , Holmberg, 2012 ).…”

Section: How Climate Change and Socio-economic Factors Affect Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate variability and infectious diseases nexus: Evidence from Sweden

Amuakwa–Mensah

Marbuah

Mubanga

2017

Infectious Disease Modelling

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Many studies on the link between climate variability and infectious diseases are based on biophysical experiments, do not account for socio-economic factors and with little focus on developed countries. This study examines the effect of climate variability and socio-economic variables on infectious diseases using data from all 21 Swedish counties. Employing static and dynamic modelling frameworks, we observe that temperature has a linear negative effect on the number of patients. The relationship between winter temperature and the number of patients is non-linear and “U” shaped in the static model. Conversely, a positive effect of precipitation on the number of patients is found, with modest heterogeneity in the effect of climate variables on the number of patients across disease classifications observed. The effect of education and number of health personnel explain the number of patients in a similar direction (negative), while population density and immigration drive up reported cases. Income explains this phenomenon non-linearly. In the dynamic setting, we found significant persistence in the number of infectious and parasitic-diseased patients, with temperature and income observed as the only significant drivers.

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“…A number of studies have sought to determine the incidence of Campylobacter bacteraemia in high-income settings, estimating rates to be between 0.20 and 0.47 cases per 100,000 population [ 3 , 11 , 12 ]. A more recent Swedish study [ 13 ] has reported an incidence of 1.00 case per 100,000 population, with this linked to changes in automated blood culture collection systems. In our study we observed only 25 incident cases of bacteraemia, equating to a mean incidence of 0.71 cases per 100,000 population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteraemia, antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment among Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations in the Australian Capital Territory: a review

et al. 2021

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Background Campylobacter spp. cause mostly self-limiting enterocolitis, although a significant proportion of cases require hospitalisation highlighting potential for severe disease. Among people admitted, blood culture specimens are frequently collected and antibiotic treatment is initiated. We sought to understand clinical and host factors associated with bacteraemia, antibiotic treatment and isolate non-susceptibility among Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations. Methods Using linked hospital microbiology and administrative data we identified and reviewed Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations between 2004 and 2013. We calculated population-level incidence for Campylobacter bacteraemia and used logistic regression to examine factors associated with bacteraemia, antibiotic treatment and isolate non-susceptibility among Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations. Results Among 685 Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations, we identified 25 admissions for bacteraemia, an estimated incidence of 0.71 cases per 100,000 population per year. Around half of hospitalisations (333/685) had blood culturing performed. Factors associated with bacteraemia included underlying liver disease (aOR 48.89, 95% CI 7.03–340.22, p < 0.001), Haematology unit admission (aOR 14.67, 95% CI 2.99–72.07, p = 0.001) and age 70–79 years (aOR 4.93, 95% CI 1.57–15.49). Approximately one-third (219/685) of admissions received antibiotics with treatment rates increasing significantly over time (p < 0.05). Factors associated with antibiotic treatment included Gastroenterology unit admission (aOR 3.75, 95% CI 1.95–7.20, p < 0.001), having blood cultures taken (aOR 2.76, 95% CI 1.79–4.26, p < 0.001) and age 40–49 years (aOR 2.34, 95% CI 1.14–4.79, p = 0.02). Non-susceptibility of isolates to standard antimicrobials increased significantly over time (p = 0.01) and was associated with overseas travel (aOR 11.80 95% CI 3.18–43.83, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with tachycardia (aOR 0.48, 95%CI 0.26–0.88, p = 0.02), suggesting a healthy traveller effect. Conclusions Campylobacter infections result in considerable hospital burden. Among those admitted to hospital, an interplay of factors involving clinical presentation, presence of underlying comorbidities, complications and increasing age influence how a case is investigated and managed.

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Increased number of Campylobacter bacteraemia cases in Sweden, 2014

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in Sweden, November 2011–October 2012: is the severity of infection associated with C. jejuni sequence type?

Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in Sweden, November 2011–October 2012: is the severity of infection associated with C. jejuni sequence type?

Climate variability and infectious diseases nexus: Evidence from Sweden

Bacteraemia, antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment among Campylobacter-associated hospitalisations in the Australian Capital Territory: a review

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