Increasing the Efficiency of Ion Sources of Vacuum Neutron Tubes

Bitulev, A.A.; Churin, S. V.; Shchitov, N. N.; Yurkov, D. I.; Kladko, S. G.; Maslennikov, S. P.; Stepanov, D. S.; Shkol’nikov, E. Ya.

doi:10.1007/s10512-015-0007-5

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Historically, the efforts aimed at improving the efficiency of vacuum neutron tubes with arc ion sources (increasing neutron yield, enhancing stability, and lengthening lifetime) were mainly focused on optimizing the source design and electrical circuit and on increasing the efficiency of hydrogen isotope extraction from the arc plasma (see, e.g. [6][7][8][9] and other publications). At the same time, the processes occurring directly in a vacuum-arc ion source remained poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cathode and plasma phenomena in vacuum-arc sources of hydrogen isotope ions: I. Desorption of hydrogen isotopes during the operation of vacuum arc cathode spots

Uimanov

Shmelev

Окс

et al. 2020

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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A model is proposed to describe the desorption of deuterium from a deuterated cathode during the operation of the vacuum arc cathode spot. The model treats a cathode spot as consisting of individual cells and involves a numerical simulation of the temperature fields that arise during the hydrodynamic processes responsible for the formation of microcraters on the cathode surface. Using a deuterated ZrD 0.67 cathode as an example, it is shown that the amount of deuterium desorbed immediately from the crater formed during the operation of the cathode spot cells is several times smaller than the total amount of desorbed deuterium. The main portion of deuterium is desorbed from the hot cathode region adjacent to the crater and from the crater at the stage of its cooling. For a deuterated ZrD 0.67 cathode, the percentage of desorbed deuterium can reach 80% of the total number of evaporated atoms, and it can be even greater if the cathode spot cells operate in the immediate vicinity of each other.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cathode and plasma phenomena in vacuum-arc sources of hydrogen isotope ions: I. Desorption of hydrogen isotopes during the operation of vacuum arc cathode spots

Uimanov

Shmelev

Окс

et al. 2020

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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“…The experiments were carried out using the set-up [14][15][16] shown schematically in figure 1. The system employed a deuterium-saturated zirconium cathode as used in vacuum neutron tubes [11]. The cathode material contained, on average, 0.67 deuterium atoms per zirconium atom.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deuterium ions from the vacuum arc plasma are also used to create pulsed beams of accelerated ions in neutron tubes. In these miniature sealedoff vacuum ion sources, a neutron flux with fluence up to 3×10 7 neutrons per pulse [11] is generated as a result of interaction between an energetic deuterium ion beam and a target saturated with deuterium or tritium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deuterium ions in vacuum arc plasma with composite gas-saturated zirconium cathode in a magnetic field

Frolova

Nikolaev

Окс

et al. 2019

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Plasma containing deuterium ions has found wide application, for example and notably for generating neutron fluxes in nuclear fusion reactions. These reactions take place when a compressed plasma is heated to high temperature, or in nuclear reactions between energetic deuterium ion beams, obtained from deuterium-containing plasma, and a solid target containing heavy hydrogen isotopes. The vacuum arc discharge with composite cathode made of a metal saturated with deuterium provides one possible means for generating deuterium plasma. In the work described here, we have explored the mass-to-charge composition of the pulsed vacuum arc plasma formed from a zirconium cathode saturated with deuterium. The plasma composition is compared for cases when the cathode is deuterium-saturated and non-saturated, as well as for the case when an axial magnetic field of 0.5 T is applied in the arc cathode region. We show that the number of deuterium ions per zirconium ion in the vacuum arc plasma formed from a deuterium-saturated zirconium cathode is, on average, 1.4 which is two times greater than the number of deuterium atoms per zirconium atom in the cathode material. With a 0.5 Т magnetic field applied, this ratio increases up to 4.4. The results are discussed.

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Increasing the operational stability of a vacuum neutron tube ion source

Maslennikov,

Mamedov

2023

At Energy

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Increasing the Efficiency of Ion Sources of Vacuum Neutron Tubes

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Cathode and plasma phenomena in vacuum-arc sources of hydrogen isotope ions: I. Desorption of hydrogen isotopes during the operation of vacuum arc cathode spots

Cathode and plasma phenomena in vacuum-arc sources of hydrogen isotope ions: I. Desorption of hydrogen isotopes during the operation of vacuum arc cathode spots

Deuterium ions in vacuum arc plasma with composite gas-saturated zirconium cathode in a magnetic field

Increasing the operational stability of a vacuum neutron tube ion source

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